Basic Information

	Name: Dr. Elizabeth B. BOLAJOKO	Faculty: BASIC CLINICAL SCIENCES
	Email:This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.	Department:Chemical Pathology
	Designation: Senior Lecturer
Brief Biography:

Resume

CURRICULUM VITAE

I              (a)          Name (underline Surname):                         Elizabeth Bosede Bolajoko

(b)          Date of Birth:                                                  26 August, 1973

(c)           Department:                                                    Chemical Pathology

(d)          Faculty:                                              Basic Medical Sciences

II             (a)          First Academic Appointment:                       Lecturer II (10 March, 2014)

               (b)          Present Post (with date):               Lecturer I (01 October, 2017)

               (c)           Date of Last Promotion:                01 October, 2017

               (d)          Date Last Considered (in cases where promotion was not through:

Not Applicable

 III          University Education (with date)

University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria                                                                                   1993-1998

University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria                                                                    2000-2002

University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria                                                                    2002-2012

IV           Academic Qualifications (with dates and granting bodies):

BSc in Chemistry, University of Ibadan                                                                  1999

MSc in Chemical Pathology, University of Ibadan                                               2002     

PhD in Chemical Pathology, University of Ibadan                                               2012     

V             Professional Qualifications and Diplomas (with dates):                                     Nil

VI           Scholarships, Fellowships and Prizes (with dates) in respect of Undergraduate and

Postgraduate work only:

Third World Organization for Women in Sciences (TWOWS) Postgraduate Fellowship                                                                                                            2006-2009

Thomas Bassir Biomedical Foundation (TBBF) Seed Grant                        2015

Year 03 University of Ibadan Medical Education Partnership Initiative

Junior Faculty Research Training Programme (UI-MEPI-J) Award    2018-2020.

VII          Honours, Distinctions and Membership of Learned Societies:

Member, Association of Clinical Chemists, Nigeria (ACCN)

Member, International Federation of Clinical Chemists (IFCC)

VIII         Details of Teaching Experience at University level:

Lecturer, Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan                                   2014 – till date

Undergraduate Levels:

MBBS/BDS courses in Chemical Pathology

Lectures:

Nutrition, Vitamins and Trace Elements

Micronutrients – Nutritional Assessment

Investigating inherited metabolic diseases

Obesity/Metabolic Syndrome (MS)

Oxidants, Antioxidants and Defence Mechanism

Practical/Tutorial:

Urinalysis

Diabetes Mellitus/OGTT

Dexamethasone Suppression Test (DST)

Specimen Collection, Handling, Transport and Rejection

Point of Care – Portable Glucose Metre

Biomedical Laboratory Sciences (BMLS)

Course Code                                     Course Title

CPY 301                                 Basic Clinical Chemistry

CPY 401                                 Analytical techniques in Clinical Chemistry

CPY 502                                 Systemic in Clinical Chemistry

CPY 507                                 Analytical Technique in Clinical Chemistry

CPY 509                                 Project

Postgraduate Levels:

Course Code               Course Title

CPY 701                                 Introduction to Chemical Pathology

CPY 702                                 Clinical Enzymology

CPY 703                                 Chemical Pathology Laboratory Methods/Seminars

CPY 705                                 Chemical Pathology Seminars

CPY 711                                 Nutrition and Metabolism

CPY 741                                 Project

Project Supervisions:

Undergraduate Levels:

I have supervised 2 BMLS students and currently supervising 2 BMLS students.

Postgraduate Levels:

I have co-supervised a total of 11 M.Sc. students.

Administrative Duties:

I am currently the Departmental Co-ordinator of postgraduate programme.

I was a member of the Registration Committee and Rapporteur at the 5^th Unibadan Biomedical Conference, July 2016  

I served as a member of the Departmental Finance Committee from 2014 – 2015.

I have served as a member of Organising Committee and Rapporteur at the 4^th Unibadan Biomedical Conference, July 2014.

Researches

Research Interest or Areas of Study: My research has focused on nutrition/antioxidant status in health and diseases with special interest in diabetes mellitus with and without diabetic foot ulcer. Currently, my interest has been extended to immunogenetics of tuberculosis in Nigerian population, hoping to extend this study to tuberculosis with diabetes mellitus.

(a)                Completed:                                                                                                  

The research entitled “The beneficial effects of Vernonia amygdalina (Bitter-leaf) and Garcinia kola (Bitter-kola) extracts on oxidative stress markers reduction and diabetic leg/foot ulcer management” This study was aimed at investigating the biochemical changes induced by Vernonia amygdalina (bitter leaf) and Garcinia kola (bitter kola) as a basis for wound healing, reduction of oxidative stress markers as well as determining the beneficial effects in the management of chronic ulcer especially diabetic leg/foot ulcer.

The first phase (LD₅₀ acute toxicity test) of the research has been completed, and manuscript accepted with minor correction in the African Journal of Biomedical Research. We are addressing the reviewers’ comment and the corrected manuscript will be sent back for publication soon.

The second phase – recruitment of participants into the study –has just been completed. Data is being collated for manuscript write-up.

(b)               In progress:

The research entitled “Genetics of Host Immune Factors to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection” This study is aimed at investigating the associations, if any, between tumour necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) and interferon-? (IFN-?) polymorphisms (both individually and at the haplotype level) in patients with tuberculosis from Ibadan, Nigeria. The specific aims are: (1) To compare the frequency of TNF-? and IFN-? genes in drug sensitive TB and multidrug resistance TB participants and uninfected apparently healthy individuals. (2) To compare the oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers in drug sensitive TB and multidrug resistance TB participants and uninfected apparently healthy individuals. (3) To identify which of TNF-? and IFN-? independently predict high level of oxidative stress markers given other potential confounding variables such as disease status (MDR TB, drug sensitive TB and uninfected individuals), age, gender, and duration of illness (time from diagnosis to recruitment).

The recruitment of TB participants is on-going.

(c)                Project, Dissertation and Thesis

 i.               Analysis of Acid–Base Extract in Chrysophyllum albidum (Agbalumo). B.Sc. Project, 1999.

  ii.               Total antioxidant status in Non – Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2 diabetes). M.Sc. Dissertation, 2001.

 iii.               Ameliorative Role of Selected Micronutrient Supplements on Oxidative Stress and Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats and Type 2 Diabetics. Ph.D. Thesis, 2012.

Publications

(a)                Books already published:                                                                                                       Nil

(b)               Chapters in Books already published:                                                                                 

1.   *Bolajoko, E.B. and Akinosun, M.O. (2017). Diabetes mellitus induced oxidative stress and cardiovascular diseases. The role of nutrition. In Agbedana, E.O., Anetor, J.I., and Ogundahunsi O.A. (Eds.) Recent Advances in Nutrition and Metabolism: Ibadan University Press. 43-64pp. ISBN: 978-978-54045-1-7. (Nigeria) (Contribution: 80%).

(c)                Articles that have already appeared in Referred Conference Proceedings: Nil

(d)               Patents and Copyrights:                                                                                           Nil

(e)                Articles that have already appeared in learned journals:

2.   Akinosun, O.M. and Bolajoko, E.B. (2007). Total antioxidant status in Type 2 diabetic patients: Experience at University College Hospital Ibadan, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice Vol. 10. No.2: 126-129. (Nigeria) (Contribution: 40%).

3.   Bolajoko, E.B., Mossanda, K.S., Adeniyi, F.A., Akinosun, O., Fasanmade, A. and Moropane, M. (2008). Antioxidant and oxidative stress status in type 2 diabetes and diabetic foot ulcer. South African Medical Journal Vol. 98. No. 8: 614-617. (South Africa) (Contribution: 50%).

4.   Bolajoko, E.B., Akinosun, O., Anetor, J., Fasanmade, A., Adedapo, A., Iyun, A. and Mossanda, K.S. (2012). Ameliorative Role of Antioxidant Micronutrients: Selenium, Vitamins C and E on Oxidative Stress and Wound Healing in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Foot Ulcer in Ibadan. Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology (IIOAB) Journal Vol. 3. No. 4: 1-5 (India) (Contribution: 50%).

5.   *Akinosun, O., Adeleye, E. and Bolajoko, E. (2016). Occupational exposure to heavy metal toxicity and it’s implication in the development of anaemia in individuals in local metal industries in Nigeria. Journal of Disease and Global Health Vol. 7. No. 1: 58-64 (India) (Contribution: 40%).

6.   *Bolajoko, E.B., Akinosun, O.M., Anetor, J.I. and Mossanda K.S. (2016). Micronutrient status and its effect on glycaemic indices in type 2 diabetics with foot ulcer in Ibadan, Nigeria. African Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences Vol. 45. No. 1: 83-90 (Nigeria) (Contribution: 60%).

7.   *Bolajoko, E.B., Akinosun, O.M., Anetor, J.I. and Mossanda K.S. (2017). Relationship between selected micronutrient deficiencies and oxidative stress biomarkers in diabetes mellitus patients with foot ulcers in Ibadan, Nigeria. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences Vol. 47: 1117-1123 (Turkey) (Contribution: 60%).  

8.   Akinosun O.M., Popoola R.A. and Bolajoko E.B. (2017). Occupational Exposure to Toxic Metals Induced Oxidative Stress in Automechanics in Ibadan, Nigeria - Risk of Developing Chronic Kidney Disease. Archives of Basic and Applied Medicine Vol. 5: 23-27 (Nigeria) (Contribution: 40%)

9.         Akinosun O.M., Akinduko D. Bolajoko E.B. and Adewole T. (2018). Correlation of acetylcholinesterase activity inhibition with ageing in organophosphate-exposed farm workers at Ibadan, South-Western Nigeria. African Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences Vol. 47: 85-90 (Nigeria) (Contribution: 30%).

10.     *Akinosun, O.M., Lewechi, I. and Bolajoko E.B. (2018). Urinary Iodine Levels and Thyroid Hormones in First Trimester Pregnant Women in Nigeria. African Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences Vol. 47. No. 3:259-265 (Nigeria) (Contribution: 40%).

(f)                Books, Chapters in Books and Articles already accepted for Publication:

(g)               Technical Reports and Monographs:                                                                 Nil

XII          Major Conferences Attended with Papers Read (in the last 5 years)

a.       Laboratory Medicine Congress 2013, ‘Serving Science at the Table’ at Cape Town International Convention Centre, Cape Town, South Africa, July 29 – 31, 2013.

b.      4^th UNIBADAN Conference of Biomedical Research on Biotechnology for Health and Sustainable Development, at the Trenchard Hall, University of Ibadan, Ibadan July 1 – 4, 2014.

c.       UNIPATH 2014 Congress, ‘Unifying Pathology and Laboratory Medicine in the Era of P4 Medicine CSIR International Convention Centre, Pretoria, South Africa, September 19 – 21, 2014. “Selenium, vitamins C and E beneficial role on oxidative stress and wound healing in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats’ with-induced ulcer; E.B. Bolajoko, O.O Ademola-Aremu, O.M. Akinosun, K.S.A Mossanda, M. Moropane, A de Freitas”.

d.      5^th Unibadan Conference of Biomedical Research by Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, in collaboration with Archives of Basic and Applied Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, at Conference Centre, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, July 12 – 15, 2016. “Occupational exposure to toxic metals and increased risk of developing chronic kidney disease due to oxidative stress in automobile mechanics in Ibadan, Nigeria; Olubayo Michael Akinosun, Rasheedah Odetola Popoola, Elizabeth Bosede Bolajoko”.

e.       6^th Scientific Conference of the Association of Clinical Chemists of Nigeria in collaboration with International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine at Medical Research Centre, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Nigeria, October 12 – 14, 2016. “Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Automobile Mechanics in Ibadan; Olubayo M. Akinosun, Rasheedah A. Popoola,  Catherine A. Adeniji, Elizabeth B. Bolajoko”

f.       UI-MEPI-J Short-Term Training at Northwestern University’s Centre for Global Health Sponsored by NIH Fogarty International (D43TW010140), Chicago, USA, July 6 –August 10, 2018

g.      7^th Scientific Conference of the Association of Clinical Chemists of Nigeria in collaboration with International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine at Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria, October 17 – 19, 2018.

               ……………………………………..                                              ……………………..

                                    Signature                                                                                               Date

Research Interest and course taught

Research Interest or Areas of Study: My research has focused on nutrition/antioxidant status in health and diseases with special interest in diabetes mellitus with and without diabetic foot ulcer. Currently, my interest has been extended to immunogenetics of tuberculosis in Nigerian population, hoping to extend this study to tuberculosis with diabetes mellitus.

 

 

Total antioxidant status in type 2 diabetic patients: experience at University College Hospital (UCH) Ibadan, Nigeria.

Akinosun OM¹, Bolajoko EB¹.

VIII.         

IX.             Author information

X.                ¹Department of Chemical Pathology, University College Hospital Ibadan, Nigeria

XI.              

XII.          Abstract

Total antioxidant status (TAS) was measured in 20 Type 2 diabetic patients aged 40-60 years (mean 50 years). Patients were on diet and oral hypoglycemic drug therapy, with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels > 7.0 mmol/L. Similar measurements were carried out in 20 apparently healthy individuals within the same age range (mean 46 years) and with FPG levels < 6.1 mmol/L. FPG was measured by glucose oxidase method and TAS by a colourimetric method. Comparing the two groups, TAS was significantly reduced in the Type 2 diabetic patients (0.96 +/- 0.37 Vs 1.61 +/- 0.16 mmol/L) (P < 0.05). An inverse correlation between FPG and TAS suggested the existence of a lower antioxidant defense in poorly controlled Type 2 diabetics. Good control of FPG, could possibly help reduce free radical activity and probably minimize the chronic complications in diabetic patients.

PMID: 17902504

S Afr Med J. 2008 Aug;98(8):614-7.

Antioxidant and oxidative stress status in type 2 diabetes and diabetic foot ulcer.

Bolajoko EB¹, Mossanda KS, Adeniyi F, Akinosun O, Fasanmade A, Moropane M.

Author information

¹Department of Chemical Pathology, University of Limpopo, Medunsa Campus, GaRankuwa.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

Oxidative stress (OS) has been implicated in the aetiology and progression of diabetic complications including diabetic foot ulcer. In this study, the levels of lipid peroxides (LPO) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) as well as the enzymatic antioxidant activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic foot ulcer subjects were assessed and compared with apparently healthy normal subjects to understand the involvement of OS in the subjects.

METHOD:

The above-mentioned OS markers were measured in 50 subjects for each of the following groups: type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), diabetic foot ulcer (DF) and non-diabetic control (NC).

RESULTS:

Significant elevated values of LPO (39.86%) and 8-OHdG (45.53%) were found in DM subjects compared with the NC subjects. This increase in both parameters was greater for DF subjects: 80.23% and 53.91% respectively. SOD activities were significantly reduced in DM (14.82%) and DF (4.09%) subjects in contrast with elevated activities of GPx observed in DM (21.87%) and DF (20.94%) subjects. Glycated haemoglobin/fasting plasma glucose (HbA1c/FPG) correlated positively with LPO, 8-OHdG and GPx, whereas a negative correlation was observed for SOD.

CONCLUSION:

Increased oxidation subsequent to diabetic conditions induces an over-expression of GPx activity suggesting a compensatory mechanism by the body to prevent further tissue damage in the subjects.

PMID: 18928040

<span ";="" mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:calibri;mso-fareast-theme-font:="" "times="" new="" ";="" mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:="" "="">IIOABJ; Vol. 3; Issue 4; 2011: 1–5   <span ";mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;="" "times="" new="" ";="" "="">https://www.researchgate.net/

AMELIORATIVE ROLE OF ANTIOXIDANT MICRONUTRIENTS: SELENIUM, VITAMINS C AND E ON OXIDATIVE STRESS AND WOUND HEALING IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH FOOT ULCER IN IBADAN

Bolajoko Elizabeth Bosede^*1, Akinosun Olubayo¹, Anetor John¹, Fasanmade Adesoji², Adedapo Aduragbemi³, Iyun Ayodele⁴, Mossanda Kensese Sontin⁵

¹Dept of Chemical Pathology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, NIGERIA

²Endocrinology Unit, Dept of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, NIGERIA

³Pharmacology and Therapeutics Dept, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, NIGERIA

⁴Burn unit, Dept of Surgery, University of Ibadan, NIGERIA

⁵Dept of Research and Development, Walter Sisulu University, East London – Eastern Cape, SOUTH AFRICA

Abstract

Wound healing is a complicated process that requires several steps. The involvement of hyperglycaemia and oxidative stress (OS) in healing process has been reported. This study investigated the effects of selenium, vitamins C and E supplementation on OS indices such as lipid peroxides (LPO) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in wound healing in diabetic patients with foot ulcer. The study comprised fifty non-diabetics (Group A) and fifty diabetics (Group B) between 40 and 60 years. GroupB were divided into supplemented (1) and non-supplemented (2) subgroups. Patients in B1 were given 1000mg vitamin C + 400 mg vitamin E + 100 ?g selenium for 16 weeks. Subgroup B2 received no supplementations. Wound healing process was assessed in Group B using 'ABDEFS' tools of evaluating chronic ulcers. Blood samples of 10 ml were collected. 8-OHdG was determined by ELISA; LPO, TAS, SOD and GPx were measured spectrophotometrically. Data were analysed statistically using Wilcoxon tests at p?0.05. Before supplementation, increases of 79.37 and 54.91% respectively in LPO and 8-OHdG levels with decrease of 53.52% in TAS were observed in Group B compared with Group A. After supplementation, reductions of 22.50 and 22.48% respectively in LPO and 8-OHdG with 10.77% increase in TAS were found in subgroup B 1 compared with subgroup B2. Decreased 'ABDEFS'-score of 22.91% was observed in subgroup B1 compared with subgroup B2 thus revealing better healing. Antioxidant micronutrient supplementation demonstrated ameliorative effect on oxidative stress and wound healing in Type 2 diabetes with foot ulcer.

<span ";="" mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:calibri;mso-fareast-theme-font:="" "times="" new="" ";="" mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:="" "="">

Journal of Disease and Global Health, 7(1), 58-64. Retrieved from http://www.ikpress.org/index.php/JODAGH/article/view/2137

OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE TO HEAVY METAL TOXICITY AND IT’ S IMPLICATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ANAEMIA IN INDIVIDUALS IN LOCAL METAL INDUSTRIES IN NIGERIA

O. M. AKINOSUN

Department of Chemical Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

E. ADELEYE

Department of Chemical Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

E. B. BOLAJOKO

Department of Chemical Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

Abstract

Background/Aim: The adverse health effects associated with exposure to toxic trace metals in the environment is a matter of serious concern globally. They cause damage to the central nervous, renal, cardiovascular, reproductive and haematological systems and consequently reducing the quality of life of the affected individuals. In Nigeria, especially in Ibadan, Oyo State, there are few reports on the toxic effect of blood trace metals and ferritin levels in local metal industrial workers. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate this.

Materials and Methods: Thirty-seven apparently healthy male between 20 and 50 years were recruited from iron bending, welding and fitting local industries in Ibadan. The control group comprising 36 non-exposed male participants (matched for age) were recruited from the members of staff/students of the University College Hospital, Ibadan. Ten millilitres of venous blood was collected from each participant. Cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), selenium (Se) and ferritin iron were determined.

Results: The exposed group when compared to the control group revealed significant increases in Pb (0.016±0.003 vs. 0.013±0.003 µg/L) and Mn (31.92±7.79 Vs 24.89±5.47 µg/dL) and a significant decrease in Ferritin iron (96.38±8.22 vs. 104.13±9.76 µg/L). However, a slight non-significant increase was found in Zn levels (69.76±6.56 vs. 67.04±6.40 µg/dL) while Se and Cd showed no significant difference in exposed group compared to non-exposed group (p>0.05).

Conclusion: The workers from iron bending, welding and fitting local industries in Ibadan are exposed to the toxic effects of lead, manganese and cadmium. Therefore, periodic bio-monitoring of whole blood heavy metal concentrations in these workers is recommended.

Keywords: Trace metals, heavy metals, ferritin iron, occupational exposure

Afr J Med Med Sci. 2016 May;45(1):83-90.

Micronutrient status and its effect on glycaemic indices in type 2 diabetics with foot ulcer in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Bolajoko EB, Akinosun OM, Anetor JI, Mossanda KS.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Micronutrients are required by organisms in trace concentrations sufficient to maintain homeostasis. Deficiency of these elements could result in different medical and metabolic abnormalities. There are limited data on micronutrient status in type 2 diabetics with foot ulcer (DM+FU). Premised on this, this study investigated micronutrient levels of DM+FU and examined their effects on glycaemic indices.

METHODS:

One hundred and twenty participants, comprising seventy DM+FU and fifty non-diabetic participants (controls) aged 40-60 years, were recruited for the study. Ten millilitres of fasting blood samples were collected from each participant after obtaining their consent and levels of vitamin C, vitamin E, copper, selenium, zinc, FPG and HbAlc were measured. The data were analyzed using 't'- test and Pearson's correlation coefficients. Statistical significant was considered at p<0.05.

RESULTS:

FPG and HbAlc were significantly higher in DM+FU (12.98±0.43 mmol/l; 8.63±0.24 %) than in controls (5.09±0.08 mmol/l; 4.08±0.11 %). Vitamin C (3.7610.43 vs. 5.57±0.43 ptmol/l; p=0.003), vitamin E (19.57±1.01 vs. 25.57±0.27 pLimol/l; p=0.000) and selenium (0.48±0.01 vs. 0.81±0.04 srmol/l; p=0.000) were substantially lower in DM+FU compared with controls. However, no significant changes were observed when levels of copper and zinc were compared in all participants. Data revealed inverse associations between micronutrients and glycaemic indices (vitamin C/ FPG: (r= 0.250, p=0.037); Cu/HbA Ic: (r= 0.131, p=0.365)).

CONCLUSIONS:

Diabetics with foot ulcer were observed to be deficient in selenium, vitamin C and vitamin E. Therefore, type 2 diabetics with foot ulcer should be advised and encouraged to take more of leafy green vegetables and unsweetened fruits.

PMID: 28686831

Turk J Med Sci. 2017 Aug 23;47(4):1117-1123. doi: 10.3906/sag-1601-95.

Relationship between selected micronutrient deficiencies and oxidative stress biomarkers in diabetes mellitus patients with foot ulcers in Ibadan, Nigeria

Bolajoko EB, Ak?nosun OM, Anetor J, Mossanda KS.

Abstract

BACKGROUND/AIM:

Micronutrients are indispensable in the prevention of diseases and maintenance of good health. Their deficiencies have been implicated in several diseases associated with oxidative stress (OS). This study aimed at investigating the levels of some vitamins and minerals in association with OS markers in diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) patients in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Seventy DFU patients and 50 apparently healthy volunteers (controls) were recruited for the study. Blood samples of 10 mL were collected after a 10-h overnight fast from each participant after obtaining their consent. Levels of oxidative stress biomarkers such as lipid peroxide (LPO), 8-hydroxyl-2?-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), total antioxidant status (TAS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and micronutrients such as vitamin C, vitamin E, copper, selenium, and zinc were determined.

RESULTS:

Significant increases in the levels of LPO and 8-OHdG and GPx activity were found in DFU patients compared to controls (P < 0.001). Significant decreases in vitamin C (P = 0.003), selenium, vitamin E, and TAS concentrations were detected between DFU patients and controls (P < 0.001). However, nonsignificant decreases in SOD activity and copper and zinc levels were observed when DFU patients and controls were compared (P > 0.05). Vitamin C was significantly positively correlated with GPx and selenium was significantly negatively correlated with 8-OHdG in the DFU group. However, nonsignificant correlations were observed between other micronutrients and oxidative stress biomarkers of both the DFU and control groups.

CONCLUSION:

Diabetes mellitus patients with foot ulcers may require micronutrient supplementation for proper control and maintenance of oxidant/antioxidant homeostasis.

KEYWORDS:  Micronutrients; diabetic foot ulcer; oxidative stress

PMID: 29154507               DOI: 10.3906/sag-1601-95

<span ";="" mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:calibri;mso-fareast-theme-font:="" "times="" new="" ";="" mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:="" "="">Archives of Basic and Applied Medicine   Vol 5 No 1 (2017): February/23-27/ archivesbamui.com/ojs/index.php/abam/article/view/6

Occupational Exposure to Toxic Metals Induced Oxidative Stress in Automechanics in Ibadan, Nigeria - Risk of Developing Chronic Kidney Disease

• Olubayo Michael Akinosun
• R A Popoola
• Elizabeth Bolajoko

Abstract

Toxic metal induced oxidative stress has been shown to play prominent role in aetiology of chronic kidney disease (CKD) which continues to be a major public health concern. This study investigated levels of these metals, renal function and oxidative stress index (OSI) in automobile mechanics (AM). The study comprised thirty-five AM and thirty-five apparently-healthy participants between 20 and 60 years. Blood (10 ml) and spot urine (5 ml) samples were collected. Plasma creatinine (PCr); urinary albumin, creatinine; total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total plasma peroxide (TPP) were measured spectrophotometrically. Estimated glomerular filtration (eGFR), OSI and albumin:creatinine ratio (ACR) were calculated. Blood lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) levels; urinary Pb, Hg and cadmium (Cd) were measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Data were analyzed statistically using Independent T-test and Pearson’s correlation at p < 0.05. The urinary Pb (0.5 ± 0.2 vs 0.7 ± 0.2ug/dl), Cd (0.3 ± 0.1 vs 0.4 ± 0.1ug/dl), Hg (0.05 ± 0.02ug/dl vs 0.07 ± 0.02)and plasma TAC (27353.1 ± 10733.2 vs 32814.3 ± 11328.6) were significantly lower while blood Hg (0.3 ± 0.2 vs 0.2 ± 0.03ug/dl),TPP (174.1 ± 49.6 vs 113.1 ± 56.2) and OSI (0.7 ± 0.4 vs 0.4 ± 0.2)increased significantly in AM than controls. No significant differences in PCr (75.3 ± 8.9 vs 78.3 ± 9.6), ACR (10.7 ± 13.9 vs 12.0 ± 8.4), eGFR (108.2 ± 25.7 vs 118.4 ± 26.3) and blood Pb (9.3 ± 4.8 vs 8.4 ± 1.1ug/dl). Urinary Pb, Hg and Cd correlated significantly with ACR (p<0.01). The urinary levels of Pb, Cd and Hg (p < 0.001); plasma levels of TAC (p = 0.042) were significantly lower while the mean levels of blood Hg, plasma TPP and OSI (p < 0.001) were significantly increased in AM compared with control. However, there were no significant difference in levels of eGFR, ACR and blood Pb between the two groups. Urinary levels of Pb, Hg and Cd correlates significantly with ACR, while there was a negative correlation with blood Hg levels in AM compared with control. In this study, automobile mechanics were found to be at increased risk of developing chronic kidney disease due to their constant occupational exposure to toxic metals

<span ";="" mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:calibri;mso-fareast-theme-font:="" "times="" new="" ";="" mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:="" "="">Afr J Med Med Sci.  Vol 47 No 1 (2018): March/85-90

Correlation of acetylcholinesterase activity inhibition with ageing in organophosphate-exposed farm workers at Ibadan, South-Western Nigeria

Olubayo Akinosun Akinduko D. Bolajoko E.B. and Adewole T.

Abstract
Background/Aim: In an attempt to destroy pests and enhance food production, Nigerian local farmers are occupationally exposed to organophosphate pesticides (OP). During exposure, OP affect the nervous system by impairing the activity of acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AchE) thus leading to accumulation of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction. This defect in the cholinergic pathway has been consistently reported for over two decades in studies on the brains of those with advanced age. This study is aimed at determining the relationship between the levels of AchE activity with ageing in apparently healthy OP exposed farmers as well as in unexposed controls in Nigeria due to paucity of data in this environment.
Method: This case-control study comprises a total of 104 apparently healthy participants. Fifty-two farmers (41 males, 11 females; aged 30-62 years) occupationally exposed to OP and 52 sex-matched unexposed controls (aged 38-60 years) were recruited from Idi-Ayunre farm settlements on the outskirts of Ibadan and University College Hospital, Ibadan respectively.
Results: Mean AchE level of OP-exposed farmers (7.22 ± 1.99 kIU/L) was significantly lower (p<0.05) than the controls (12.23 ± 1.67 kIU/L). Correlation of AchE activity with age was 0.189, p=0.179 and -0.325, p=0.019 for the farmers and controls respectively.
Conclusion: Low AchE activity level of the farmers indicates a persistent accumulation of
acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction, which may predispose them to intermediat e
syndrome. Significant negative correlation between AchE activity and age of the controls
probably indicates that the normal ageing process is associated with decreased AchE
activity.
Keywords: Acetylcholinesterase, Organophosphate, Ageing, Farmers, Cholinergic Pathway

<span ";="" mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:calibri;mso-fareast-theme-font:="" "times="" new="" ";="" mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:="" "="">Afr J Med Med Sci.  Vol 47 No 3 (2018): September 259-265

Urinary iodine levels and thyroid hormones in first trimester pregnant women in Nigeria

Akinosun, O.M., Lewechi, I. and Bolajoko E.B.

Abstract

Background/Aim: Iodine is an essential component of thyroid hormones required for the normal growth, development and functioning of the body. Its deficiency causes intellectual impairment, reproductive risks such as overt hypothyroidism, infertility, gestational hypertension, increased first trimester abortions and still births. Paradoxically, iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) are among the easiest and cheapest preventable disorders. This study therefore evaluated dietary iodine status and some thyroid parameters in first trimester (10th–12th week) pregnant women

Methods: Forty-two healthy pregnant women, mean age and gestational age of 30±5.22 years and 11.43±0.83 weeks respectively were recruited in consecutive manner for this study after obtaining their informed consents. Urinary iodine levels were analysed in casual urine samples using the ammonium persulphate method as described by Dunn et al while thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (fT4) were measured in serum using Enzyme Immunoassay technique.

Results: 40.5% of the participants had adequate dietary iodine, 47.6% had more than adequate, 9.5% had mild iodine deficiency, while 2.4% had excess dietary iodine. 92.9% of the participants had normal TSH values, 4.8% and 2.4% fell in the hypothyroid and hyperthyroid ranges respectively. 91.4% of the participants had normal values for fT4, 8.6% had below normal while none had above. Qualitative salt analysis shows iodization of salt in all the salt samples tested.

Conclusion: This study reveals adequate iodine nutrition in the first trimester sub-population, however, screening for overt and subclinical hypothyroidism should still be strongly considered.

 Keywords:

Iodine, iodine deficiency disorders, thyroid hormones, first trimester pregnant women

Contact Information

Phone: 08071063551	Address:	Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Facebook: Profile Link	LinkedIn: Profile Link	Twitter: Profile Link
Instagram: Profile Link	YouTube: Profile Link	Pinterest: Profile Link