Dr. Mabel. A. CHARLES-DAVIES

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	Name: Mabel. A. CHARLES-DAVIES
	Designation: Reader
	Faculty: BASIC CLINICAL SCIENCES
	Department: Chemical Pathology
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Brief Biography: Dr. Mabel A. Charles-Davies is a Reproductive Endocrinologist. She is a Senior Lecturer and Specialist Adviser  in the Department of Chemical Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan (UI) and the University College Hospital, Ibadan, respectively. She teaches the theory and practice of Chemical Pathology including Endocrinology and Immunology, Nuclear Medicine, Nutrition and Metabolism and Laboratory Methods to Medical and Dental, Biomedical Laboratory Science (BMLS) and Postgraduate students. She supervises the dissertations of students for the partial award of Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.), BMLS and Master of Science (M.Sc.) degrees as well as thesis for the award of Master in Philosophy (M. Phil.) and Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D) degrees in the University of Ibadan and environs. She has been an internal and external examiner of Chemical Pathology at undergraduate and postgraduate levels in different medical fields in and outside Nigeria. She holds B.Sc. degree in Biochemistry from the University of Port Harcourt, M.Sc. in Chemical Pathology (Immunology) and Ph.D degrees in Chemical Pathology (Reproductive Endocrinology) from UI. She also obtained an International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) Certificate in Clinical Molecular Biology.  She is a University of Chicago Global Clinical Research Network Fellow, peer reviewer of journals and obtained many travel and study grants. Mabel’s current research is in the field of Reproductive Endocrinology. She focuses on endocrine–immune interactions and their underlying biochemical and molecular mechanisms in reproductive health and diseases. The changing trend of the environment (including nutrition) in modulating metabolic pathways leading to complications in the reproductive system as as possible alleviation of this process is being investigated. She has attended, presented papers, facilitated local and international conferences and has over 60 publications in peer reviewed journals of biomedical sciences and medicine. She is a member of the Association of Clinical Chemistry of Nigeria (ACCN), which is affiliated to the African Federation of Clinical Chemistry (AFCC), a regional federation in the IFCC, where she served as Secretary and the IFCC National Representative (Nigeria). She was involved in the pioneering activities that led to the inauguration of the AFCC, was elected as member- at-large on the board of the AFCC and eventually became the President- Elect, a position she currently holds. She is also member of the IFCC E-news working group and a corresponding member of IFCC Committee on Molecular Diagnostics. Mabel is a seasoned administrator in both private and public sectors. She was Head, Biomedical Laboratory Science department, Postgraduate Coordinator, department of Chemical Pathology as well as General Manager, Immunoassay Laboratories (Nig.) Ltd (now Clina-Lancet Laboratories), who are the pioneers of Clinical Hormonal Assays in Nigeria. AREA OF SPECIALIZATION Dr. Mabel A. Charles-Davies is a Chemical Pathologist and specializes in the field of Reproductive Endocrinology. She graduated with B.Sc. (Biochemistry), M.Sc. and Ph.D in Chemical Pathology from from the Universities of Port-Harcourt and Ibadan in Nigeria. She also has IFCC Certificate in Clinical Molecular Biology. She has skills and experience in laboratory methods, teaching, research and administration. She has contributed to Science and medicine in her research, which are widely published in learned medical and scientific journals. She has taught and successfully supervised students who graduated with B.Sc., BMLS, M.Sc., M.Phil. and Ph.D degrees and are making impart globally. She has examined students in Chemical Pathology in various medical disciplines in institutions in and outside Nigeria. She is an astute administrator with cognate experience in both public and private sectors. She has actively been involved in various scientific and leadership positions within the national society, regional federation and in the IFCC. She has also facilitated and hosted international conferences as IFCC National Representative (Nigeria) and member of the IFCC Council.  Mabel is actively involved in elucidating the biochemical and molecular basis of metabolic diseases that affect reproductive health and the possible role of environmental factors in this process. Her research thus spans the subjects of the andrology, women reproductive health and child development, metabolic endocrinology, reproductive oncology and toxicology. Her studies showed the contribution of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), endocrine disruptive mechanisms, oxidative stress and reduced antioxidant status to infertility resulting from dyspermia and chlamydia induced tubal damage. Although, anti-sperm antibodies were demonstrated in immunological studies in males, they were not associated with fertility. Contrarily, abnormal immune responses (elevated interleukin-10 and reduced interferon gamma levels) might contribute to Chlamydia induced tubal pathology. Her research also demonstrated that colostrum was superior to mature milk in the nourishment and protection of Nigerian infants. The increasing levels of nutritional/immunological indices in the maternal blood but declining levels of similar parameters in breast milk with increasing period of lactation were established. Toxic metals and preeclampsia were also associated with neonatal birth weight reduction in other studies.Other studies evaluating toxic metals and other endocrine disruptors (polychlorinated bisphenyls and bisphenol A) showed that these toxic substances might accumulate in increased adipose tissue and disrupts endocrine signaling systems and oxidative stress, which probably, underlie the pathogenesis of breast cancer.  Associations of subtle thyroid abnormalities with obesity in women with breast cancer were demonstrated. Abdominal obesity in females and reduced high density lipoprotein in males were observed as key components of the Metabolic Syndrome (MS) in most Nigerians, with the preponderance of MS in females over males in her studies. Although reproductive potential appeared conserved in individuals with MS, MS could contribute to cardiovascular diseases, type 2  diabetes mellitus and prostate cancer via alteration of hormones. These diseases might be effectively managed by dietary modulation. Further biochemical, genetic and molecular investigations are ongoing to elucidate the processes involved in reproductive health and diseases.

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Research

1. Title: Azoospermic Factor (AZF) in Infertile Nigerian Men with Idiopathic Dyspermia
Summary: Infertility affects about 15% of couples. Declining sperm quality has long been reported with a 50% contribution of male factor to infertility. Although several aetiologies have been implicated, 20% of these men have oligozoospermia or azoospermia of unknown aetiology. Few studies concentrate on endocrine patterns in infertile men. Thus studies associating endocrine patterns with dyspermic men are lacking.  Deletions in azoospermic factor (AZF) are currently associated with defective spermatogenesis but have not been investigated in Nigeria. The aim of the study is to identify endocrine patterns that are associated with infertility and the frequency and pattern of deletions in AZF as a molecular genetic component of male factor  infertility in Nigeria using appropriate laboratory and statistical tools. It is hoped that the study will provide information that may assist clinicians to manage male infertity particularly in severe dyspermic males.
Role: Investigator
Collaborators: Isaac L. Uke, M. Ferrari, P. Carrerri, O.K.Amodu

 

Reproductive Health in Metabolic Diseases

2. Title: Beta Thalassemia as a Correlate of Metabolic Syndrome, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and some Endocrine Dysfunctions
Funder: Partially funded by the University of Ibadan Research Foundation
Summary: The metabolic syndrome, a cluster of related factors that predispose individuals to type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases, affect 33.1% of Nigerians. Although its genetic basis has been established, the specific genes in its aetiology are not clearly defined. Recently, a high prevalence of beta-thalassemia (a genetic disorder of haemoglobin synthesis), which was previous associated with the Mediterranean region, was reported in Ibadan. Individuals with beta thalassemia minor had been observed with features of metabolic syndrome particularly insulin resistance. The rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus as well as the association of metabolic syndrome with hypothyroidism, hypoparathyroidism and hypogonadism has also been reported. It is possible that beta thalassemia minor is the genetic disease that underlies the insulin resistance observed in the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus and other endocrine disorders. This has not been previously investigated. The study is aimed at investigating the possible association of beta-thalassemia minor, with metabolic syndrome, hypothyroidism hypoparathyroidism and hypogonadism in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study will establish underlying mechanisms for prevention of overt disease through early diagnosis and management using relevant laboratory and statistical analysis. 
Role: Investigator
Collaborators: T. R. Kotila, Jokotade O. Adeleye, E.O., A.Ogunlakin,  F.Mapayi

Publications

1.  Akanji, A. O., Charles-Davies, M. A., Ezenwaka, C., Abbiyesuku, F. A. and Osotimehin, B. O. (1989). Dietary Salt and the Glycaemic Response to Meals of Different Fibre Content. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition Vol. 43: 699 – 703.

2.  Akanji, A. O., Adeyefa, I., Charles-Davies., M. and Osotimehin, B. O. (1990): Plasma Glucose And Thiocyanate Response To Different Mixed Cassava Meals in Non-Diabetic Nigerians. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition Vol. 44. No.1: 71 – 77.

3.  Charles-Davies, M.A and Osotimehin, B.O. (2001). Spermatozoal, Seminal Plasma and Blood Sperm Antibodies in Nigerian Males. African Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism Vol. 2:13-18.

4. Charles-Davies, M.A. and Osotimehin, B.O. (2001). Reproductive Hormones in Infertility and Infection in sub Saharan Males. African Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism Vol. 2: 19-21.

5.  Charles-Davies, M.A. and Osotimehin, B.O. (2002). Zinc in infertility and infection. BioScience Research Communications Vol.14. No.3: 273-275.

6. Charles-Davies, M.A and Osotimehin, B.O. (2003). Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Male Infertility in the Nigerian. BioScience Research Communications Vol.15. No.1: 39- 47.

7. Charles-Davies, M., Arinola, O.G, Sanusi, R., Osotimehin, B.O. (2006).   Immunologlubulin Classes and Nutritional Factors in Plasma and Breast milk of Lactating Mothers in Nigeria.  Iran. Journal of Immunology Vol.3. 181-186.

8. Arinola, O.G. and Charles-Davies, M.A. (2008). Micronutrient Levels in the Plasma of Nigerian Females with Breast Cancer. African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 7. 1620-1623.

9. Etuk, A.I., Charles-Davies, M.A and Arinola, O.G. (2009). Oestrogen Levels and Humoral Immune Parameters in Nigerian Breast Cancer Patients. Tanzania Medical Journal Vol. 24. No 2: 1-4.

10.   Arinola, O.G. and Charles-Davies, M. A, (2008). The Serum Levels of Trace Metals in Nigerian Males with Different PSA Values. Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol. 15: 39- 42.

11.    Charles-Davies M.A. (2009) Challenges of Endocrine Function Testing in Resource Poor Settings (Letter to the Editor) (peer-reviewed). Electronic Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry Vol. 20. No.4: 

12.    Umoh, U., Charles-Davies, M. A. and Adeleye, J. (2010). Serum Testosterone and Lipids  in Relation to Sexual Dysfunction in Males with Metabolic Syndrome and Type2 Diabetes Mellitus. International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences Vol. 2. No.12: 402-412.

13.   Fabian, U.A., Charles-Davies, M.A., Adebusuyi, J.R, Ebesunun, M.O, Ajobo, B.M,Hassan, O.O., Adigun, K, Owolabi, M.O., Oyewole, O.E, Olaniyi, J.A., Fasanmade,A.A.,  Akinlade, K.S., Arinola, O.G. and Agbedana, E.O. (2011). Leptin Concentrations in African Blacks with Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Journal of the US-China Medical Science Vol. 8: No.8: 493-500.

14.    Nsonwu-Anyanwu, A.C., Charles-Davies, M.A., Oni, A.A., Taiwo, V.O. and Bello,F.A. (2011). Chlamydial Infection, Plasma Peroxidation and Obesity in Tubal Infertility.Annals of Ibadan Postgraduate Medicine Vol. 9: No. 2. 983-88.

15.   Ajayi, O.O., Charles-Davies M.A. and Arinola, O.G. (2012). Progesterone, Selected Heavy Metals and Micronutrients in Pregnant Nigerian Women with a History of Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion. African Health Sciences Vol. 12. No 2: 152 – 158. 

17. Charles-Davies, M.A., Arinola, O.G., Fasanmade, A.A., Olaniyi, J.A., Oyewole, O.E, Owolabi, M.O., Hassan, O.O,  Ajobo, M.T., Adigun, K.S., Akinlade, K.S., Adebusuyi, J.R., Ebesunun, M.O., Popoola O.O., Ogunbolade, W., Fabian, U.A., Rahamon S.K.,Ogunlakin, M.A. and Agbedana E.O. (2012). Indices of Metabolic Syndrome in 534 Traders. Journal of  the US-China Medical Science Vol. 9: No. 2: 91-100.

18. Aborisade, O.B., Charles-Davies, M.A. and Okunlola, M.A. (2013). Environmental Influences in Normal Weight Women with History of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss International Journal of Tropical Disease & Health (formerly American Journal of  Tropical Medicine & Public Health) Vol. 3. No.3: 257-266.

19. Charles-Davies, M.A., Fasanmade, A.A., Olaniyi, J.A., Oyewole, O.E., Owolabi M.O.,Adebusuyi, J.R., Hassan, O., Ajobo, M.T., Ebesunun, M.O., Adigun, K., Akinlade, K.S.,Fabian, U.A., Popoola, O.O., Rahamon, S.K., Okunbolade, W.,  Ogunlakin, M.A., Arinola,O.G. and Agbedana, E.O. (2013). Metabolic Alterations in Different Stages of Hypertension in an Apparently Healthy Nigerian Population. International Journal of Hypertension, 2013, Article ID 351357, 6 pages. Click here

20. Ikeh-Tawari, E.P., Anetor, J.I. and Charles-Davies, M.A. (2013). Cadmium Level in Pregnancy, Influence on Neonatal Birth Weight and Possible Amelioration by Some Essential Trace Elements. Toxicology International Vol. 20. No.1: 108-112.

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