Basic Information
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Name: Prof. Grace O. GBOTOSHO |
Faculty: BASIC CLINICAL SCIENCES |
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Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. |
Department:Pharmacology and Therapeutics | |
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Designation: Professor |
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Brief Biography: |
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Resume
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CURRICULUM VITAE NAME: GBOTOSHO Grace Olusola(nee Omitowo) DEPARTMENT: Pharmacology and Therapeutics FACULTY: Basic Medical Sciences COLLEGE: College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria FIRST ACADEMIC APPOINTMENT: Lecturer II April 28, 1995 PRESENT POST: Senior Lecturer October 1, 1999 ADMINISTRATIVE APPOINTMENTS Postgraduate Co-ordinator Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics,College of Medicine,University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria 2000 to 2010 Course Coordinator (Bachelor of Pharmacy Program) Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine,University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, 1999-2004, 2006 to date Member, Postgraduate Sub Committee Faculty of Basic Medical Science.College of Medicine,University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria 2000 to 2010 Member, Appointment and Promotion Panel Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria 2007 to date Member, Appointment and Promotion Panel Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics. College of Medicine,University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria 2008 to date Member, Induction Committee, Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria 2005 to date Chair Scientific Committee,West African Society of Pharmacology Conference.(Host Institution: Department of Pharmacology, University of Ibadan). 2003 Member Curriculum development committee Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics,College of Medicine,University of Ibadan,Ibadan, Nigeria 2005 to date INTERNATIONAL APPOINTMENTS Temporary Adviser,World Health Organization Special Program for Research and TrainingOn Tropical Diseases (WHO/TDR), International Meeting and Consultation on Identificationof Markers of Antimalarial Drug ResistanceGeneva, Switzerland, June 1999. Temporary Adviser,World Health Organization Special Program for Research and TrainingOn Tropical Diseases (WHO/TDR), Global Health Forum onResearch Capability building in Africa. Arusha, Tanzania, November 2002 Temporary Adviser,World Health Organization Special Program for Research and TrainingOn Tropical Diseases (WHO/TDR), International workshopand Consultation on clinical Pharmacology of antimalarial Drugs. Sweden, August 2003 Temporary Adviser,World Health Organization Special Program for Research and TrainingOn Tropical Diseases (WHO/TDR), International Meeting andConsultation on Applications of transfection technology for drugscreening in Tropical Parasitic Diseases. Bangkok, Thailand, September 2004. Temporary Adviser,World Health Organization Special Program for Research and TrainingOn Tropical Diseases (WHO/TDR), International Meeting andConsultation on Applications of transfection technology for drugscreening in Tropical Parasitic Diseases. Bellagio, Italy, August, 2005. UNIVERSITY EDUCATION (WITH DATES): University of Ife Ile Ife, (Now Obafemi Awolowo University) 1981 to 1985 University of Ibadan, 1990 to 1991 University of Ibadan, 1991 to 1999 ACADEMIC QUALIFICATIONS (WITH DATES AND GRANTING BODIES) Academic qualifications Granting Institution Dates B. Pharm (Hons) University of Ife Ile-Ife 1985 MSc Pharmacology University of Ibadan. 1991 PhD Pharmacology and Therapeutics University of Ibadan. 2000 PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS AND DIPLOMAS: Professional qualifications Granting Institution Dates B. Pharm (Hons) University of Ife Ile-Ife 1985 SCHOLARSHIPS, FELLOWSHIPS AND PRIZES: · University of Ife Scholarship Award, 1982 to 1985 · Federal Government of Nigeria Postgraduate Scholarship Award, 1990 · WHO Regional Training Fellowship, 1995 to1998 · British Council University of London School of Pharmacy/School of Pharmacy University of Ibadan Linkage Award, Jan 1994 to July 1994. · Wellcome Trust Travel Award, August 1998 HONOURS, DISTINCTIONS AND MERITS Grants, Funding and awards for research from international funding organizations African Network for Drugs and Diagnostic Innovation (ANDi) (2011-2016) Centre of Excellence for Malaria Translational Research Role: Director Wellcome Trust UK grant award (2009-2014) £1.3million Research Capacity Strengthening in Africa institutions Initiative. Award for network of five institutions (Mali, Nigeria, Ghana, Cote d’Ivoire) for Development of Research Institute for Infectious Diseases of Poverty. Role : Director/Principal Investigator (for University of Ibadan, Nigeria component) International Society of Infectious Diseases grant award (2003-2005) $6000.00 Identification of Candidate Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) inPlasmodium falciparum Isolates Showing False Negative Results Using theParaSight®-F Dipstick. Role: Principal Investigator World Health Organization Special Program For Tropical Disease Research grant awards i). Regional Linkage Training Fellowship (1995-1998) (Fellowship for my PhD studies) ii). Group Development Grant (1997-2001) $150,000.00 Role: Principal Investigator (2000-2001) iii). Network for Applications of transfection technology for drug Screening $33,000.00 Role: Coordinator for Ibadan, Nigeria. (2005-2010) iv). Molecular determinants of drug response and resistance in Plasmodium falciparum from Africa and South America. $100,000.00 Role: Co-investigator v). Improving home management of malaria using the combination of artemether lumefanthrine in southwest Nigeria. (2006-2008).$69,000.00 Role: Co-investigator Multilateral Initiative on Malaria in Africa (MIM/TDR) Grants i). Intersectorial model for management, control and policy formulationon drug resistant malaria in Nigeria. $400,000.00 Role: Co-Principal Investigator (1998-2002) ii). Antimalarial drug resistant network grant $213,000.00 Role: Principal Investigator (2002-2008) iii). Analytical training centre grant award $107,000.00 Role: Principal Investigator (2002-2009) iv). Identification and chemical evaluation of potential componentsfrom the Nigerian phytomedicine compendium Role: Co-investigator (1998-2002) v). In vitro training workshop grant $48,000.00 Role: Principal Investigator (2002) vi). Proposal finalization workshop grant $8356.00 Role: Principal Investigator (2002) Medicines for Malaria Venture/WHO/GlaxoSmithline Initiative grant Multi-country study of chlorproguanil-dapsone artesunate (CDA) versus artemether-lumefanthrine in children with uncomplicated malaria. £46,000.00 Role: Co-investigator (2007-2008) International Atomic Energy Agency grant award. $120,000.00 (equipment acquisition) A collaborative approach for monitoring the spread of resistant Plasmodium falciparum infections in Nigeria. Role: Co-investigator (2001-2009) National Institutes of Health (NIH) USA grant award. i). Molecular Determinants of Drug Resistant Malaria in Nigeria $108,000.00 Role: Co-investigator (2003-2006) ii). Molecular determinants of parasite resistance to artemisinin based combination therapies in Nigeria $118,000.00 Role: Co-investigator (2007-2010) Exxon Mobil Corporation USA grant award. $100,000.00. Plasmodium falciparum genetic diversity in Nigeria Role: Co-investigator Malaria Resources, Repository and Reference Reagents (MR4), USA Microarrays analysis of fresh isolates of Plasmodium falciparum. $30,000.00 (Resource Supply) Role: Co-investigator. Turner Biosciences, USA $7500.00 (equipment acquisition) Development and validation of a new fluorescence based assay for in vitro susceptibility testing of Plasmodium falciparum to antimalarial drugs. Role: Co-investigator. European Union Developing Countries Clinical Trial Partnership (EDCTP) €200,000.00 Validation of molecular markers of reduced susceptibility to artemisinin derivatives and partner drugs in Nigeria. Role: Co-investigator. MEMBERSHIP OF LEARNED SOCIETY Member, Pharmaceutical Society of Nigeria Member, West African Society of Pharmacology Member, American Society of Topical Medicine and Hygiene MEMBERSHIP OF INTERNATIONAL NETWORKS Member, Antimalarial drug resistant network (ADRN) Member, Network on Application of Transfection Technology in Tropical Diseases Foundation Member, World Wide Antimalarial Drug Resistant network (WWARN) MEMBERSHIP OF EDITORIAL BOARD OF INTERNATIONAL JOURNALS Reviewer, Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology Reviewer, African Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences Reviewer, African Journal of Biomedical Sciences DETAILS OF TEACHING AT THE UNIVERSITY LEVEL: Undergraduate Level Teaching 1. Course: Pharmacology in the B. Pharm program 1993 to date Class: Pharmacy Students at 300L, 400L and 500L Course content: Introduction to pharmacology (routes of drug administration, drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion, molecular basis of drug action) Autonomic pharmacology, Chemotherapy of bacterial infections, cancer chemotherapy, drug treatment of asthma, prostaglandins. 2. Course: Pharmacology in the B. NSC nursing program and the B. Physiotherapy program 1999 to date Class: B.NSc 300L and B. Physiotherapy 300L, 500L Course content: Chemotherapy of bacterial infections, antibacterial drug resistance cancer chemotherapy, autonomic pharmacology 3. Course: Pharmacology for Medical Students (Introductory pharmacology, block I and II postings) 1993 to date Class: MBBS and dental students Course content: Introduction to pharmacology, Autonomic pharmacology (adrenergic and cholinergic nervous system), Chemotherapy of bacterial infections, cancer chemotherapy, drug treatment of asthma, prostaglandins and leukotrienes, haematinics, purgatives, neuromuscular blocking drugs. SUPERVISION OF B. PHARM PROJECTS (UNDERGRADUATE):
Postgraduate Level Teaching 1. Course: Pharmacology to MSc Nursing Students 1998 to 2006 Class: Advanced chemotherapy, cancer chemotherapy 2. Course: PHA 701. Investigative Techniques in Pharmacology 2002, 2006-2010 Class: M.Sc Pharmacology students Course content: Evaluation of in vitro and in vivo techniques in drug evaluation. Theoretical basis of concentration-effect curves, drug receptor interactions. Investigative methods in the field of Pharmacology 3. Course: PHA 705: Application of radiopharmaceuticals in pharmacological investigations 2002 to date Class: M.Sc Pharmacology students Course content: Basic concepts and handling of ionizing radiation, principles of scintillation spectroscopy, standardization techniques. 4. Course: PHA 708: Advanced Chemotherapy 2002 to 2006 Class: MSc students Course content: Chemotherapy of bacterial infections, cancer chemotherapy, antiretroviral drugs, mechanism of action of penicillins. 5. Course: PHA 703: Clinical Pharmacokinetics 2002 Class: MSc students Course content: Routes of drug administration, drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion, Disposition of single and multiple dose drugs, Steady state plasma concentrations. Drug interactions. Principles and uses of chromatography in analysis. POSTGRADUATE SUPERVISION: i). MSc dissertation supervision
Intending to proceed to PhD studies ii). PhD Thesis Supervision
1- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology; 2- Department of Biochemistry; 3- Department of Zoology iii). Internal/external examiner at PhD Defence or Conversion of Mphil to PhD Examination.
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Researches
Research Completed:
i). Title:Mefloquine trial in West Africa
Funding agency: WHO. (ID: 900594).
Role: co-investigator
Year: 1992
Comments: The study was conducted in 1992 at the Malaria Research Laboratories, College of Medicine. The study involved the evaluation of in vivo and in vitro sensitivity of isolates of Plasmodium falciparum from Nigeria to mefloquine. I was involved in the conducting the in vitro sensitivity tests, analysis of in vitro experiments and collating the data with in vivo outcomes.
ii). Title: Interaction of penfluridol with mefloquine against drug resistant isolates of P. falciparum in vitro.
Funding agency: Rockefeller Foundation (RF 88061).
Year: 1991-1992
Role: co-investigator
Comments: In this study the ability of penfluridol to enhance the efficacy of mefloquine against mefloquine resistant isolates of P. falciparum was evaluated in vitro. Iparticipated in development of techniques for evaluating reversal of resistance in the studies, as well as conducting the in vitro assay. The results from the study showed a unique reversal of mefloquine resistance by penfluridol.
iii). Title: Evaluation of non-microscopic techniques for detection of P. falciparum infections in Nigeria.
Funding agency: WHO/TDR (ID: 940969)
Year: 1995-1998
Role: PhD trainee
Comments: The study involved the development and validation of more rapid and accurate diagnostic techniques for the detection of P. falciparum infections. I evaluated an enzyme assay and an antigen capture test as potential alternatives to microscopy in the detection of p. falciparum infections. The study was a community based study and the non-microscopic detection of Plasmodium falciparum parasite lactate dehydrogenase enzyme by spectrophotometric analysis was used to monitor patient response to treatment. Results from the study showed a dissipation of lactate dehydrogenase activity with clearance of parasitemia which made this non-microscopic detection a potentially useful alternative to microscopy.
iv).Title: inter institutional collaboration and studies on combination therapy, drug resistance, Immunology and vaccines for malaria.
Funding agency:WHO/TDR (ID: 970678).
Year: 1997-2001
Role: Principal investigator (2000-2001)
Comments: this study involved a multidisciplinary approach to the management of drug resistant malaria. Efforts in the study were devoted to evaluating the efficacy, safety, toxicity, tolerance, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics of combination of chloroquine or pyronaridine with selected resistance reversing agents in patients and in animal models. The study also involved the establishment of a repository of malaria parasites for studies in Nigeria. In addition, molecular basis of resistance to combination therapy was evaluated in the study. I was involved in the studies on efficacy and safety of the selected antimalarial drugs, in vitro drug sensitivity studies, protein binding, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic aspects of the study as well as the establishment of repository of malaria parasites.
v). Title: Effects of protein binding on reversal of antimalarial drug resistance.
Role: co-investigator
Year:1996
Funding agency: Rockefeller Foundation (RF 93022)
Comments: In this study, efforts were devoted to evaluating pharmacodynamic interaction between selected resistance reversing agents and antimalarial drugs in vitro. I studied the influence of resistant reversing compounds on the distribution of chloroquine using an in vitro model.
vi). Title: Intersectorial model for management, control and policy formulation on drug resistant malaria in Nigeria.
Funding agency: WHO/MIM/TDR (ID 980080)
Year: 1998-2002
Role: Co-Principal Investigator
Comments: Efforts in this study were devoted to improving the clinical management of drug resistant malaria. Part of the study included validation of a new diagnostic kit based on a biological phenomenon in the malaria parasites for detecting and documenting drug resistant parasites. The study also involved a collaborative network between the Malaria Research Group, the Oyo State Ministry of Health, the Oyo State Hospitals management Board and the Development Policy Centre. I participated in development of the new diagnostic kit, development of the data base which was instrumental for reviewing the current malaria policy in order to assure a more successful control of drug resistant malaria. I was also instrumental in the development of the Ibadan Malaria Control Policy study group which availed the team the opportunity to disseminate research findings and translate them to policy. Several Postgraduste students were also trained on the project.
vii).Title: Identification and chemical evaluation of potential components from the Nigerian phytomedicine compendium
Funding agency: WHO/MIM/TDR(ID 980046)
Year: 1998-2001
Role: co-investigator
Comments: This study involved a survey of herbal remedies used in the treatment of fevers including malaria fever in rural communities in Nigeria. Potential antimalarial components from selected plants were extracted and evaluated in vitro against isolates of P. falciparum and in vivo in animal models. Extracts exhibiting significant antimalarial activity were further purified through bioassay guided fraction procedures. I was involved in conceptualization and study design and I participated in interpretation of data generated from the social science component of the study and was involved in conducting the in vitro susceptibility tests of isolates of P. falciparum to extracts prepared from selected plants.
viii). Title: Identification of candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Plasmodium falciparum isolates showing false negative results using the Parasight-F dipstick.
Funding agency: International Society for Infectious Diseases (ISID)
Role: Principal investigator
Year:2002-2004
Comments: This study involved a multidisciplinary approach in ascertaining the existence of candidate SNPs in histidine rich protein II (HRP-II) gene of Plasmodium falciparum isolates in Ibadan, Nigeria. Efforts were devoted to determining the role of candidate SNPs in HRP-II gene of Plasmodium falciparum isolates on the diagnostic value the Parasight®–F dipstick test. Presence or absence of candidate SNPs was collated with diagnosis outcome with the Parasight-F® dipstick test. I was involved in design and conduct of the study and diagnostic processes for identification of candidate SNPs in HRP-II genes of Plasmodium falciparum field isolates.
ix). Title: Molecular determinants of drug resistant malaria in Nigeria
Funding: Fogarty International Center
Year:2003-2006
Role: co-investigator,
Comment: The major goal of this project was to identify new molecular determinants of P. falciparum resistance to artemisinin derivatives and partner drugs used for treatment of acute uncomplicated malaria in Africa. The molecular determinants of parasites resistance to drugs identified under this project will be used to develop a high-throughput method for monitoring the emergence and spread of drug resistant parasites in Africa.
x). Title: Antimalarial drug resistant network (Nigeria)
Funding agency: WHO/MIM/TDR (ID 20239).
Role: Principal investigator
Year: 2002-2008
Comments: Efforts in this study were devoted to developing markers namely, molecular markers, in vitro markers, pharmacokinetic and clinical markers to identify Plasmodium falciparum resistance to anti-malarial therapy. The study was a multi-country study in 5 sites across Africa 1). The Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research and the Ministry of Health, Accra Ghana, 2). The Malaria Research and Training centre, University of Mali, Bamako, Mali, 3). The Malaria Research Laboratories, Institute of Advanced Medical Research and Training (IMRAT), University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, 4). The Ifakara Health Research and Development Centre, Ifakara, Tanzania 5). Medical Biotech Laboratories (MBL) /Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. The overall objective of the network was to build adequate capacity using targeted research to provide pertinent and timely data on P. falciparum resistance to National malaria control programmes for evidence based policies on anti malarial treatment. The studies have been valuable as a vehicle for capacity building in the areas of molecular biology, pharmacokinetics, in vitro drug susceptibility studies and clinical trials and providing information on drug resistance that can be used by National malaria control programsseveral postgraduate students were trained through this initiative. Work of Ibadan was part of the data that informed the change of Nigerian policy on the treatment of malaria.
xi). Title: MIM/TDR analytical and training center for pharmacokinetics
Funding agency: WHO/TDR (ID A20244)
Role:Principal investigator
Comments: Efforts in this study were aimed at providing support and the protocols for drug analysis adopted by the MIM/TDR antimalarial drug resistance network (ID 20239). The project also aimed at facilitating timely analysis of antimalarial drug levels in filter paper blood samples collected from partner countries on the network project. I organized a pharmacokinetic workshop with 29 participants including international students from Mali in attendance. The workshop provided training on pharmacokinetic analysis and facilitated transfer of technology to the network sites and other institutions. The study site at Mali is currently well equipped for capacity in pharmacokinetic analysis following participation of 2 investigators at the workshop and an additional 8 weeks training. The project culminated in the establishment of a Pharmacokinetic laboratory at the Malaria Research laboratories, College of Medicine University of Ibadan. The Resource at Ibadan has also been valuable in training other postgraduate students in the University of Ibadan.
xii). Title: A collaborative approach for monitoring the spread of resistant Plasmodium falciparum infections in Nigeria
Funding Agency: IAEA /UNDP.
Year: 2001-2009
Role: Co-investigator,
Comment: The project aimed at initiating collaboration between The Malaria Research Laboratories (MRL), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and WHO-Roll back malaria (RBM) Nigeria for monitoring the spread of drug resistant Plasmodium falciparum infections in Nigeria. This dot-blot technique for identification of markers of chloroquine and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine to monitor the spread of resistance of P. falciparum to chloroquine and sulphadoxine pyrimethamine in selected sentinel sites in Nigeria was adopted. This project culminated in the establishment of a state of the art molecular biology laboratory/facility at the Malaria Research Laboratories, College of Medicine University of Ibadan.
xiii). Title: Molecular determinants of drug response and resistance in P. falciparum of Africa and South-America
Funding Agency: WHO/TDR
Year: 2007-2010
Role. Co- Investigator
Comments:The goal of this project was to explore the geographic differential expression profiles of P. falciparum genes in culture adapted isolates from Nigeria and Brazil. The project provided the opportunity for one postdoctoral training in Brazil. I was involved in the in vitro aspects of the studies and collation and interpretation of results from the study.
xiv). Title:study of chlorproguanil-dapsone artesunate (CDA) versus artemether-lumefanthrine in children with uncomplicated malaria.
Funding agency: MMV/TDR/GSK
Year: 2007-2008
Role: co-investigator
Comments:This project evaluated the efficacy and safety of two drug combinations (chlorproguanil and artemether-lumefantrine) in Nigerian Children aged 6-59 months. I was involved in proposal writing, design and conduct of the efficacy studies.
xv). Title: Plasmodium falciparum genetic diversity in Nigeria
Funding Agency:Exxon Mobil Corporation USA
Year:2002-2005
Role: co-investigator
Comment: Efforts in this project were devoted in understanding genetic diversity of P. falciparum populations in various areas of Nigeria.
Research In progress
i). Title: African Institutions Initiative grant- Research Institute for Infectious Diseases of Poverty.
Funding: Wellcome Trust United Kingdom
Year:2009-2014
Role: principal Investigator/Director for University of Ibadan.
Comment: This project is a ten year initiative to build capacity and research to support efforts in addressing infectious diseases of poverty with a five year grant awarded by Wellcome Trust, United Kingdom. Infectious diseases of poverty (IDPs) persist despite scientific and technological developments. A significant reason for this in Africa, south of the Sahara is the lack of research capacity, in particular, interdisciplinary capacity that can integrate knowledge and facilitate the identification and translation of technical solutions into interventions that are embedded within populations and health systems. The Institute for Infectious Diseases of Poverty (IIDP/IRMP) is a consortium of Anglophone and francophone multidisciplinary West African Institutions with a mission to develop the intellectual, regulatory and physical infrastructure required for the production of the high quality interdisciplinary science necessary to address the problems of Infectious diseases of poverty. This will be done by strengthening participating institutions to enable them to respond to and engage in locally relevant, policy driven research. IIDP/IRMP will provide the hub around which the development of intellectual, regulatory, and physical infrastructure will occur to meet this higher level objective. The objectives focus on:
1. Human Capital: the development, training, and retention of high quality researchers to undertake research in IDPs;
2. Governance: the establishment and integration of regulatory processes and procedures that support the good governance of research and enable interdisciplinary engagement within and between IIDP/IRMP partner institutions;
3. Infrastructure: the identification, development, and investment in appropriate technologies to allow IIDP to function as a coordinated, regional centre of research excellence.
ii). Title: ANDi Centre of Excellence: Malaria Translational Research Centre
Funding Agency:ANDi
Year: 2011-
Role: Centre Director
Comments:The Malaria Translational Research Centre has been designated an ANDi centre of Excellence because of its capacity and expertise in the various areas Malaria Translational Research. Thus the MTRC is a technical partner of ANDI in support of its mission and vision which include local training, technology transfer and diffusion in Africa and broader South-South Collaboration.
ii). Title: Molecular determinants of parasite resistance to artemisinin based combination therapies in Nigeria
Funding Agency: NIH
Year: 2007-2010
Role. Co- Investigator
Comments:The major goal of this project is identify new molecular determinants of P. falciparum resistance to artemisinin derivatives and partner drugs used for treatment of acute uncomplicated malaria in Africa. The molecular determinants of parasites resistance to drugs identified under this project was used to develop a high-throughput method for monitoring the emergence and spread of drug resistant parasites in Africa.
iii). Title: Network for Applications of transfection technology for drug Screening
Funding Agency: WHO/TDR
Year: 2005-2011
Role. Coordinator for Ibadan
Comments:. The major aim of this study was to develop and transfer the transfection technology for high through put screening of antimalarial drugs in Ibadan through collaboration with other members of the network in Europe and Asia, equipment acquisition and training of postgraduate students and postdoctoral fellows. Two students and a postdoctoral fellow have been trained and are currently establishing the transfection technology at the Malaria Research Laboratories, College of Medicine, Ibadan.
iv).Title:Validation of molecular markers of reduced susceptibility to artemisinin derivatives and partner drugs in Nigeria.
Funding Agency: European Union Developing Countries Clinical Trial Partnership (EDCTP).
Year:2009-2011
Role: Co-Investigator
Comments: Activities in this project aim at validating new biomarkers of Plasmodium falciparum reduced susceptibility/tolerance/resistance to artemisinin derivatives and lumefantrine in clinical testing centers of Nigeria. Efforts on this project were also devoted to evaluating saliva as an alternative biological specimen for malaria diagnosis. I was involved in conduct of study, data collation and interpretation of data as well as manuscript preparation.
Dissertation and Thesis:
1). Omitowoju G.O. 1991. Reversal of Resistance to Antimalarial drugs in isolates of Plasmodium falciparum from Nigeria. MSc. thesis University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria: April 1991.
2). Omitowoju G. O. 2000. Pharmacological and Diagnostic Approaches in Enhancing Chemotherapy of Drug Resistant Plasmodium falciparum Malaria. PhD thesis University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. January 2000.
Publications
1. Gbotosho G.O,Happi C.T, Woranola O, Abiodun O.O, Sowunmi A, Oduola A.M. (2011). Interaction between ciprofloxacin and chloroquine in mice infected with chloroquine resistant Plasmodium berghei: interaction between ciprofloxacin and chloroquine. Parasitology Research. (Aug 9, E pub ahead of print).[Germany]
2. Abiodun OO, Gbotosho G.O, Ajayeoba E,O, Brun R, Oduola A.M. Antitrypanosomal activity of some medicinal plants from Nigerian ethnomedicine. Parasitology Research. July 26, E pub ahead of print.[Germany]
3. Gbotosho G.O, Sowunmi A, Okuboyejo, T.M, Happi, C.T, Folarin O.O., & Adewoye, E.O. (2011). A simple dose regimen of artesunate and amodiaquine based on age or body weight range for uncomplicated falciparum malaria in children: comparison of therapeutic efficacy with standard dose regimen of artesunate and amodiaquine, and artemether-lumefantrine. American Journal of Therapeutics 2011 April 23 [Epub ahead of print]. [USA]
4. Gbotosho G.O., Sowunmi A., Okuboyejo, T.M., Happi, C.T., Folarin O.A., Michael O.S. & Adewoye, E.O. (2011). Therapeutic efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine and artesunate-amodiaquine co-formulated or co-packaged on malaria-associated anemia in children with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in children. American Journal of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene, 84: 813-819. [USA]
5. Gbotosho G.O., Sowunmi A., Okuboyejo, T.M. & Happi. (2011). Oral artemether-lumefantrine and artesunate-amodiaquine in the treatment of uncomplicated hyperparasitaemic Plasmodium falciparum malaria in children. Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, 2011 May 26 [Epub ahead of print].
6. Gbotosho G.O., Sowunmi A., Happi , C.T. & Okuboyejo, T.M. (2011). Therapeutic efficacies of artemisinin-based combination therapies in Nigerian children with uncomplicated falciparum malaria during five years of adoption as first-line treatments. American Journal of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene, 84: 936-943. [USA]
7. Gbotosho, G.O., Okuboyejo, T.M., Happi, C.T. & Sowunmi, A. (2011). Plasmodium falciparum hyperparasitaemia in Nigerian children: epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and therapeutic responses to oral artemisinin-based combination treatments. Asia Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease. 85-93. [China]
8. Gbotosho G.O., Sowunmi A., Okuboyejo, T.M., Happi, C.T., Michael, O.S., Folarin O.A., & Adewoye, E.O. (2011). Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte carriage, emergence, clearance, and population sex ratios in anaemic and non-anaemic malarious children. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 106(5): 562-569. [Brazil]
9. Gbotosho G.O., Sowunmi A., Happi, C.T. & Okuboyejo, T.M. (2011). Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte carriage, sex ratios and asexual parasite rates in Nigerian children before and after a treatment protocol policy change instituting the use of artemisinin-based combination therapies. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 106(6): 685-690. [Brazil]
10. Gbotosho G.O., Sowunmi A., Happi, C.T. (2011). Kinetics of Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte sex ratios: Application to the evaluation of the potential of antimalarial drugs to influence malaria transmission. The Open Tropical Medicine Journal, 4, in press. [USA]
11. Sowunmi, A., Gbotosho, G.O., Happi, C.T., Folarin, O., Okuboyejo, T., Michael, O.S. & Fatunmbi, B. (2011). Use of area under the curve to evaluate the effects of antimalarials on malaria associated anemia. American Journal of Therapeutics, 18 (3): 190-197. [USA]
12. Gbotosho, G.O., Okuboyejo, T.M., Happi, C.T. & Sowunmi, A. (2011). Recrudescent Plasmodium falciparum infections in children in an endemic area following artemisinin-based combination treatments: implications for disease control. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease. 1-8. [China]
13. Gbotosho, G.O., Sowunmi, A., Okuboyejo, T. & Happi, C.T. (2011). Fall in hematocrit per one thousand parasites cleared from peripheral blood: a simple method for estimating drug related fall in hematocrit following treatment of malaria infections. American Journal of Therapeutics, in press. [USA]
14. Abiodun O., Gbotosho, G, Ajaiyeoba, E., Happi, T., Falade, M., Wittin, S., Sowunmi, A., Brun, R., & Oduola A. (2011). In vitro antiplasmodial activity and toxicity assessment of some plants from Nigerian ethnomedicine. Pharmaceutical Biology 49: 9-14. [Hawaii]
15. Sowunmi A., Gbotosho G. O., Happi C. T., Okuboyejo T. M., Sijuade A. O., Michael O. S., Adewoye E. O., & Folarin O. (2011) Therapeutic efficacy of artesunate-amodiaquine combinations and the plasma and saliva concentrations of desethylamodiaquine in children with acute uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. American Journal of Therapeutics Epub ahead of print Feb 3, 2011. [USA]
16. Gbotosho, G.O., Happi, C., Onikepe, F., Ochuko, K., Sowunmi, A. & Oduola A. (2010). Rapid detection of lactate dehydrogenase and genotyping of Plasmodium falciparum in saliva of children with acute uncomplicated malaria. American Journal of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene, 83: 496-501. [USA]
17. Sowunmi, A., Adewoye, E.O., Gbotosho, G.O., Happi, C.T., Sijuade, A., Folarin, O.A., Okuboyejo, T.M., Michael, O.S. (2010). Factors contributing to delay in parasite clearance in uncomplicated falciparum malaria in children. Malaria Journal 9: 53. [UK]
18. Abiodun O.O., Gbotosho, G.O., Ajaiyeoba, E.O., Happi, C.T., Hofer, S., Wittin, S., Sowunmi, A., Brun, R., & Oduola A.M.J. (2010). Comparison of SYBR Green1-PicoGreen- and (3H) hypoxanthine-based assays for in vitro antimalarial screening of plants from Nigerian ethnomedicine Parasitology Research 106: 933-939. [Germany]
19. Michael O. S., Gbotosho G. O., Folarin O. A., Okuboyejo T., Sowunmi A., Oduola A. M. & Happi C. T. (2010). Early variations in Plasmodium falciparum dynamics in Nigerian children after treatment with two artemisinin-based combinations: implications on delayed parasite clearance. Malaria Journal 22;9 :335. [UK]
20. Sowunmi A, Gbotosho GO, Happi CT, Fateye BA. (2010). Factors contributing to anaemia after uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in children. Acta Tropica. 113: 155-161. [Sweden]
21. Gbotosho GO, Happi CT, Ganiyu A, Ogundahunsi OA, Sowunmi A, Oduola AM (2009). Potential contribution of prescription practices to the emergence and spread of chloroquine resistance in south-west Nigeria: caution in the use of artemisinin combination therapy. Malaria Journal. 8(1): 313. [U.K.].
22. Gbotosho GO, Happi CT, Sijuade AO, Sowunmi A, Oduola AM. (2009). A simple cost-effective high performance liquid chromatographic assay of sulphadoxine in whole blood spotted on filter paper for field studies. Malaria Journal 8:238.[U.K]
23. Gbotosho GO, Happi CT, Sijuade A, Sowunmi A, Oduola A. (2009). Pharmacokinetic Disposition of Sulfadoxine in Children with Acute Uncomplicated Falciparum Malaria Treated with Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine in South West Nigeria. American Journal of Therapeutics. Nov 14. [Epub ahead of print].[U.S.A].
24. Sowunmi, A., Balogun, S.T., Gbotosho, G.O. & Happi, C.T. (2009). Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte sex ratios in symptomatic children treated with antimalarial drugs. Acta Tropica, 109:108-117. [Sweden]
25. Sowunmi, A.,, Gbotosho, G.O., Happi, C.T., Okuboyejo T.M., Folarin, O.A. & Balogun, S.T. (2009). Population structure of Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte sex ratios in malarious children in an endemic area. Parasitology International, 58: 438-443. [Japan]
Happi, C.T., Gbotosho, G.O., Folarin, O.A., Sowunmi, A., Hudson, T., O’ Neil, M., Milhous, W., Wirth, D.F. & Oduola, A.M.J. (2009). Selection of Plasmodium falciparum multi-drug resistance gene 1 alleles in asexual stages and gametocytes by artemether-lumefantrine in Nigerian children with uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Antimicrobial Agents & Chemotherapy 53: 888-895. [USA]
27. Sowunmi, A., Nkogho, O.O., Okuboyejo, T.M., Gbotosho, G.O., Happi, C.T. & Adewoye, E.O. (2009). Effects of mefloquine and artesunate mefloquine on the emergence, clearance and sex ratio of Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes in malarious children. Malaria Journal 8:297. [UK]
28. Sowunmi, A., Balogun, S.T., Gbotosho, G.O. & Happi, C.T. (2009). Effects of amodiaquine, artesunate, artesunate-amodiaquine on Plasmodium falciparum malaria-associated anaemia in children. Acta Tropica 109: 55-60. [Sweden]
29. Sowunmi, A.,. Gbotosho, G.O., Happi, C.T., Okuboyejo, T.M., Folarin, A.O. Balogun, S.T. & Michael, O.S. (2009). Therapeutic efficacy and effects of artesunate-mefloquine and mefloquine alone on malaria-associated anemia in children with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in southwest Nigeria. American Journal of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene 81: 979-986. [USA]
30. Gbotosho, G.O., Happi, C.T., Sijuade, O.A., Ogundahunsi, O.A.T., Sowunmi, A. & Oduola, A.M.J. (2008). Comparative study of interactions between chloroquine and chlorpheniramine or promethazine in healthy volunteers: a potential combination-therapy phenomenon for resuscitating chloroquine for malaria treatment in Africa. Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology 102: 3-9. [UK]
31. Sowunmi, A., Gbotosho, G.O., Adedeji, A.A., Tambo, E., Bolaji, O.M., Happi, T.C. & Fateye B.A. (2008). Herpes simplex labialis in children with acute falciparum malaria. Acta Tropica 106: 68-71. [Sweden]
32. Folarin, O.A., Gbotosho, G.O. Sowunmi, A., Olorunsogo, O.O. & Happi, C.T. (2008). Chloroquine resistant Plasmodium falciparum in Nigeria: relationship between Pfcrt and Pfmdr-1 polymorphism, in vitro resistance and treatment outcome. The Open Tropical Medicine Journal 1:, 84-92. [USA]
33. Sowunmi, A., Balogun, T., Gbotosho, G.O., Happi, C.T., Adedeji, A.A., Bolaji, O.M., Fehintola F.A. & Folarin O.A. (2008). Activities of artemether-lumefantrine and amodiaquine-sulfalene-pyrimethamine against sexual-stage parasites in falciparum malaria in children. Chemotherapy 54: 201-208. [UK]
34. Fehintola, F.A., Adedeji, A.A., Gbotosho, G.O., Happi, C.T., Balogun, S.T., Folarin, O.A., Sijuade, A. & Sowunmi, A. (2008). Effects of artesunate-cotrimoxazole and amodiaquine-artesunate against asexual and sexual stages of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Nigerian children. Journal of Infection & Chemotherapy 14: 188-194. [Japan]
35. Sowunmi, A., Balogun, S.T., Gbotosho, G.O. & Happi, C.T. (2008). Influence of anaemia on Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte sex ratios in acutely symptomatic children. The Open Tropical Medicine Journal 1: 13-20. [USA]
36. Sowunmi, A., Balogun, S.T., Gbotosho, G.O. & Happi, C.T. (2008). Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte sex ratios in children with acute uncomplicated symptomatic infection treated with amodiaquine. Malaria Journal 7:169. [UK]
37. Ikeoluwapo O Ajayi, Catherine O Falade, Benjamin O Olley, Bidemi Yusuf, Sola Gbotosho, Toyin Iyiola, Omobola Olaniyan, Christian Happi, Kaendi Munguti and Franco Pagnoni (2008). A qualitative study of the feasibility and community perception on the effectiveness of artemether-lumefantrine use in the context of home management of malaria in south-west Nigeria. BMC Health Services Research. 8:119. [U.K.]
38. Ikeoluwapo O Ajayi, Catherine O Falade, Benjamin O Olley, Bidemi Yusuf, Sola Gbotosho, Toyin Iyiola, Omobola Olaniyan, Christian Happi, Kaendi Munguti and Franco Pagnoni (2008). A qualitative study of the feasibility and community perception on the effectiveness of artemether-lumefantrine use in the context of home management of malaria in south-west Nigeria. BMC Health Services Research. 8, 119. [U.K.]
39. Sowunmi, A., Balogun, S.T., Gbotosho, G.O. & Happi, C.T. (2008). Some features of primary and recrudescent amodiaquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum infections in Nigerian children. Memorias Instituto do Oswaldo Cruz 103: 754-759. [Brazil]
40. Yusuf OB, Falade CO, Ajayi IO, Gbotosho GO, Happi TC, Pagnoni F.(2008-2009). Community effectiveness of artemisinin-based combination therapy for malaria in rural southwestern Nigeria. International Quarterly of Community Health Education.29(1):45-56 [USA]
41. Sowunmi, A., Gbotosho, G.O., Happi, C.T., Adedeji, A.A., Fehintola, F.A., Folarin, O.A., Tambo, E & Fateye, B.A. (2007). Therapeutic efficacy and effects of artemether-lumefantrine and amodiaquine-sulfalene-pyrimethamine on gametocyte carriage in children with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in southwestern Nigeria. American Journal of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene 77: 235-241. [USA]
42. Karen I. Barnes, Niklas Lindegardh, Olumide Ogundahunsi, Piero Olliaro, Christopher V. Plowe, Milijaona Randrianarivelojosiag,Grace O. Gbotosho, William M. Watkins, Carol H. Sibley, Nicholas J. White (2007). World Antimalarial Resistance Network (WARN) IV: Clinical pharmacology. Malaria Journal 6:122. [U.K]
43. Sowunmi, A., Gbotosho, G.O., Adedeji, A.A., Fateye, B.A., Sabitu, M.F., Happi, T.C. & Fehintola F.A. (2007). Effects of acute Plasmodium falciparum malaria on body weight in children in an endemic area. Parasitology Research 101: 343-349. [Germany]
44. Sowunmi, A., Gbotosho, G.O., Happi, C.T., Adedeji, A.A., Bolaji, O.M., Fehintola, Fateye, B.A. & Oduola, A.M.J. (2007). Enhancement of the antimalarial efficacy of amodiaquine by chlorpheniramine in vivo. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 102: 417-419. [Brazil]
45. Sowunmi, A., Gbotosho, G.O., Adedeji, A.A., Tambo, E., Fateye, B.A., Happi, C.T., & Amoo, A.O.J. (2007). The effects of artemether-lumefantrine vs amodiaquine-sulfalene-pyrimethamine on the hepatomegaly associated with Plasmodium falciparum malaria in children. Parasitology Research 100: 511-517. [Germany]
46. Sowunmi, A., Balogun, T., Gbotosho, G.O., Happi, C.T., Adedeji, A.A., Fateye, B.A. & Fehintola F.A. (2007). Activities of amodiaquine, artesunate, and artesunate-amodiaquine against asexual- and sexual-stage parasites in falciparum malaria in children. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 51: 1694-1699. [USA]
47. Falade CO., Fadero FF., Happi, CT, Adegbola DH, Gbotosho GO., Ayede I, Falade AG, Oduola AMJ and Salako L. (2007). Comparative efficacy of dihydroartemisinin suppository versus intramuscular artemether followed by oral sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in the management of moderately severe malaria in Nigerian children. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 76: 1: 1-6 [USA]
48. G. O. Gbotosho, O. A. Ogundahunsi, C. T. Happi, D. E. Kyle, L. Gerena,, W. K. Milhous, A. Sowunmi, A. M. J. Oduola and L. A. Salako (2006). The effects of á1-acid glycoprotein on the potential clinical reversal of the chloroquine resistance Phenomenon. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology. 100 (7): 571-578.[U.K.].
49. Sowunmi, A., Adedeji, A.A., Gbotosho, G.O., Fateye, B.A. & Happi, C. T.C. & (2006). Effects of pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine, chloroquine plus chlorpheniramine, and amodiaquine plus pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine on gametocytes during and after treatment of acute, uncomplicated malaria in children. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 101: 887-893. [Brazil]
50. Happi, C.T., Gbotosho, G.O., Folarin, O.A., Bolaji, O.M., Sowunmi, A., Kyle, D.E., Milhous, W., Wirth, D.F. & Oduola, A.M.J. (2006). Association between mutations in pfcrt and pfmdr1 genes and in vivo amodiaquine resistance in falciparum malaria-infected children in Nigeria. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 75: 155-161. [USA]
51. Sowunmi, A., Fateye, B.A., Adedeji, A.A., Gbotosho, G.O., Happi, T.C., Bamgboye, A.E., Bolaji, O.M. & Oduola, A.M.J. (2006). Predictors of the failure of treatment with pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine in children with uncomplicated, falciparum malaria. Acta Tropica 98: 6-14. [Sweden]
52. Happi, C.T., Gbotosho, G.O., Folarin, O.A., Sowunmi, A., Bolaji, O.M., Fateye, B.A., Kyle, D.E., Milhous, W., Wirth, D.F. & Oduola, A.M.J. (2006). Linkage disequilibrium between two distinct loci in chromosomes 5 and 7 of Plasmodium falciparum and in vivo chloroquine resistance in Southwest Nigeria. Parasitology Research 100: 141-148. [Germany]
53. Sowunmi, A., Gbotosho, G.O., Fateye, B.A., & Adedeji, A.A. (2006). Predictors of the failure of treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in children with uncomplicated, falciparum malaria. Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology 100: 205-211. [UK]
54. Happi, C.T., Gbotosho, G.O., Folarin, O.A., Milner, D., Sarr, O., Sowunmi, A., Kyle, D.E., Milhous, W., Wirth, D.F. & Oduola, A.M.J. (2006). Confirmation of emergence of mutations associated with atovaquone-proguanil resistance in unexposed Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Africa. Malaria Journal 5: 82. [UK]
55. Sowunmi, A., Fehintola, F.A., Adedeji, A.A., Gbotosho, G.O., Tambo, E., Fateye, B.A., Happi, T.C. & Oduola, A.M.J. (2005). Open randomized study of artesunate-amodiaquine vs. chloroquine-pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Nigerian children. Tropical Medicine and International Health 10: 1161-1170. [UK]
56. Adedeji AA, Fehintola FA, Fateye BA, Happi TC, Amoo AO, Gbotosho GO, Sowunmi A (2005). Plasmodium falciparum Malaria in Nigerian Children During High and Low Transmission Seasons: Gametocyte Carriage and Response to Oral Chloroquine. Journal of Tropical Pediatrics 51(5): 288-94. [UK].
57. Sowunmi, A., Fateye, B.A., Adedeji, A.A., Fehintola, F.A., Bamgboye, A.E., Babalola, C.P., Happi, T.C. & Gbotosho, G.O. (2005). Effects of antifolates-cotrimoxazole and pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine on gametocytes in children with acute, symptomatic, uncomplicated, Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 100: 451-455. [Brazil]
58. Sowunmi, A., Fateye, B.A., Adedeji, A.A., Fehintola, F.A., Gbotosho, G.O., Happi, T.C. & Oduola, A.M.J. (2005). Predictors of the failure of treatment with chloroquine plus chlorpheniramine, in children with acute, uncomplicated, Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology 99: 331-338. [UK]
59. Sowunmi, A., Fateye, B.A., Adedeji, A.A., Fehintola, F.A., Gbotosho, G.O., Happi, T.C., Tambo, E. & Oduola, A.M.J. (2005). Predictors of the failure of treatment with chloroquine in children with acute, uncomplicated, Plasmodium falciparum malaria, in an area with high and increasing incidences of chloroquine resistance. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 99: 535-544. [UK]
60. Happi, T.C., Gbotosho, G.O., Folarin, O.A., Akinboye, D.O., Yusuf, B.O, Ebong, O.O., Sowunmi, A., Kyle, D.E., Milhous, W., Wirth, D.F. & Oduola, A.M.J. (2005). Polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum dhfr and dhps genes and age related in vivo sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine-pyrimethamine resistance in malaria-infected patients from Nigeria. Acta Tropica 95: 183-193. [Sweden]
61. Ajaiyeoba E. O., Bolaji O. M., Akinboye D. O., Falade C. O., Gbotosho G. O., Ashindi J. S., Okpako L. C., Oduola O. O., Falade M. O., Itiola O. A. Houhton, P.J., Wright, C.W., Ogundahunsi and Oduola A. M. J. (2005). In vitro antiplasmodial and cytotoxic activities of plants used as antimalarial agents in south west Nigeria. Journal of Natural Remedies. 5(1): 1-6. [India].
62. Osowole O., Ajayeoba E., Bolaji O., Akinboye D., Fawole O., Gbotosho G., Ogbole O., Ashidi J., Falade C., Sama W., Oladepo O., Itiola I, Oduola A. ( 2005). A survey of treatment practises for febrile illnesses among traditional healers in the Nigerian meddle belt zone. African Journal of Traditional Complementary and Alternate Medicine 2(3): 337-344. 9 [Nigeria]
63. Ebong O.O., Ajayeoba E., Ononiwu I.M., Eteng M.J., Akinboye D., Gbotosho G., Falade C., Bolaji O., Oladepo O., Osowole O., Happi C., Fawole O.F., Ogundahunsi O.A.T., Agbadwa I.M., Oduola O and Oduola A. ( 2005). Contributions of indigenous health care givers to the herbal management of febrile illnesses in Rivers State, South-South Nigeria. West African Journal of Pharmacology and Drug Research 21: 48-54 [Nigeria]
64. Happi, C.T., Gbotosho, G.O., Sowunmi, A., Falade, C.O., Akinboye, D.O., Oladepo, O. & Oduola, A.M.J. (2004). Malaria diagnosis: false positive parasightTM-F tests in falciparum malaria patients in Nigeria. African Journal of Medicine & Medical Sciences 33: 15-18. [Nigeria]
65. Oduola, O.O., Happi, T.C., Gbotosho, G.O., Ogundahunsi, O.A.T., Falade, C.O., Akinboye, D.O., Sowunmi, A. & Oduola, A.M.J. (2004). Plasmodium berghei: efficacy and safety of combinations of chloroquine and promethazine in chloroquine-resistant infections in gravid mice. African Journal of Medicine & Medical Sciences 33: 77-81. [Nigeria]
66. Sowunmi, A., Fehintola, F.A., Adedeji, A.A., Gbotosho, G.O., Falade, C.O., Tambo, E., Fateye, B.A., Happi, T.C. & Oduola, A.M.J. (2004). Open randomized study of pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine versus pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine plus probenecid for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in children. Tropical Medicine and International Health 9: 606-614. [UK]
67. Happi, C.T., Gbotosho, G.O., Sowunmi, A., Falade, C.O., Akinboye, D.O., Hudson, T., Gerena, L., Kyle, D.E., Milhous, W., Wirth, D.F. & Oduola, A.M.J. (2004). Molecular analysis of Plasmodium falciparum recrudescent malaria infections in children treated with chloroquine in Nigeria. American Journal of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene 70: 20-26. [UK]
68. EO Ajaiyeoba, CO Falade, OI Fawole, DO Akinboye, GO Gbotosho, Bolaji, OM., JS Ashidi, OO Abiodun, OS Osowole, OA Itiola, O Oladepo, A Sowunmi and AMJ Oduola. (2004). Efficacy of herbal remedies used by herbalists in Oyo State for treatment of Plasmodium falciparum infections- a survey and observation. African Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences. 33, 115-119. [Ibadan, Nigeria].
69. Ajaiyeoba Edith, Ashidi Joseph, Abiodun Oyindamola, Okpako Larry, Ogbole Omonike, Akinboye Dora, Falade Catherine, Bolaji Olayinka, Gbotosho Grace, Falade Mofoluwaso, Itiola Oludele, Houghton Peter, Wright Collins and Oduola Ayoade (2004) Antimalaria ethnobotany: In vitro antiplasmodial activity of seven plants in the Nigerian middle belt. Pharmaceutical Biology. 42, 588-91. [Hawaii].
70. Sowunmi, A., Fateye, B.A., Happi, T.C., Gbotosho, G.O. & Oduola, A.M.J. (2003). Plasmodium falciparum gametocytaemia in Nigerian children: peripheral immature gametocytaemia as indicator of a poor response to chloroquine treatment and its relationship to molecular determinants of chloroquine resistance. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 97: 453-468. [UK]
71. Happi, T.C., Gbotosho, G.O., Falade, C.O., Akinboye, D.O., Gerena, L., Hudson, T., Sowunmi, A., Kyle, D.E., Milhous, W., Wirth, D.F. & Oduola, A.M.J. (2003). Point mutations in the pfcrt and pfmdr-1 genes of Plasmodium falciparum and clinical response to chloroquine among malaria patients from Nigeria. Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology 97: 439-451. [UK]
72. Ajaiyeoba E.O., Oladepo O., Fawole, O.I., Bolaji, OM., Akinboye, DO., Ogundahunsi OA., Falade CO., Gbotosho, GO., Itiola GO., Happi, TC., Ebong OO., Ononiwu IM., Osowole, OS., Oduola, OO., Ashidi, JS., & Oduola AM. (2003). Cultural categorization of febrile illnesses in correlation with herbal remedies used for treatment in southwest Nigeria. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 85: 179-185. [The Netherlands].
73. EO Ajaiyeoba, OS Osowole, Oduola O.O JS Ashidi DO Akinboye, GO Gbotosho CO Falade, OAT Ogundahunsi, OI Fawole, Bolaji, OM., MO Falade, OO Oladepo, OA Itiola, and AMJ Oduola. (2002). Nigerian antimalarial ethnomedicine 2: Ethnobotanical survey of herbal remedies in the treatment of febrile illnesses in the middle belt of Nigeria. Journal of Phytomedicine and Therapeutics 7 (1&2): 26-39. [Abuja, Nigeria].
74. Sowunmi, A, Ogundahunsi, O.A.T., Falade, C.O., Gbotosho, G.O. & Oduola, A.M.J. (2000). Gastrointestinal manifestations of acute falciparum malaria in children. Acta Tropica 74: 73-76. [Sweden]
75. Sowunmi, A., Falade, C.O., Oduola, A.M.J., Ogundahunsi, O.A.T., Fehintola, F.A., Gbotosho, G.O., Larcier, P. & Salako, L.A. (1998). Cardiac effects of halofantrine in children suffering from acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 92: 446-448. [UK]
76. Oduola, A.M.J., Omitowoju, G.O., Sowunmi, A., Makler, T., Falade, C.O., Kyle, D.E., Fehintola, F.A., Ogundahunsi, O.A.T., Piper, A.C., Schuster, B.G. & Milhous, W.K. (1997). Plasmodium falciparum: evaluation of lactate dehydrogenase in monitoring therapeutic responses to standard antimalarial drugs in Nigeria. Experimental Parasitology 87: 283-289. [USA]
77. Sowunmi, A., Oduola, A.M.J., Ogundahunsi, O.A.T., Falade, C.O., Gbotosho, G.O. & Salako, L.A. (1997). Enhanced efficacy of chloroquine/chlorpheniramine combination in acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria in children. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 91: 63-67. [UK]
78. Sowunmi, A., Ilesanmi, A.O., Oduola, A.M.J., Omitowoju, G.O. & Ojengbede, O.A. (1996). Efficacy of mefloquine in uncomplicated chloroquine-resistant malaria during pregnancy. Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology 16: 362-363. [UK]
79. Oduola, A.M.J., Omitowoju, G.O., Gerena, L., Kyle, D.E., Milhous, W.K., Sowunmi, A. & Salako, L.A. (1993). Reversal of mefloquine resistance with penfluoridol in isolates of Plasmodium falciparum from Southwest Nigeria. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene87: 81-83. [UK]
80. Sowunmi, A., Oduola, A.M.J., Salako, L.A., Akindele, J.A., Omigbodun, A.O. & Omitowoju, G.O. (1993). Intramuscular sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine in chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria during pregnancy. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene 84: 472. [UK]
Research Focus and Ten Publications that Best Reflect My Contribution to Scholarship and Research
Research Focus:
I started my scientific career in 1990 when I enrolled for a Masters Degree program in Pharmacology and Therapeutics at the University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. My area of research focus has since been in the broad field of malariology with special emphasis on pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of antimalarial drugs, development of novel diagnostic techniques and molecular pharmacology and epidemiology. During the period of my training as a Masters Student, I started focusing on the reversal of antimalarial drug resistance by non-antimalarial drugs using standard in vitro drug sensitivity techniques. My research during this period part of my studies led to the identification and evaluation of promethazine and chlorpheniramine in the reversal of chloroquine resistance. The studies received funding from WHO/TDR. In addition, the reversal of mefloquine resistance by penfluridol was described for the first time. This culminated in publication 76.
These discoveries propelled me to further evaluate protein binding implications of the combination during my PhD studies. The role of the acute phase protein, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein in clinical application of the reversal of resistance phenomenon was evaluated in vitro which provided valuable information on the potential choice of resistance reversers. These findings culminated in publication 47. Sequel to these findings I have undertaken several pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic studies in patients on the interaction between non-antimalarial drugs with standard antimalarial drugs or during combination therapy in patients with acute uncomplicated malaria. These studies culminated in publications 2, 15, 16,17,19,20. Part of the efforts on pharmacodynamic studies of antimalarial drugs have extended to gametocyte studies which is an important area of malariology in a bid to understand disease transmission and impact of antimalarial drugs on gametocyte sex ratio and in promoting or inhibiting gametocytogenesis. These studies are reported in publications 25, 33-36, 39. 45,48, 55-56, 67.
Pharmacokinetic studies of antimalarial drugs especially during combination therapy have also formed an important part of my scientific work using high performance liquid chromatographic techniques in my efforts in the area of antimalarial drug development. Major discoveries in this area show that the selected non antimalarial drugs alter pharmacokinetic disposition of antimalarial drugs (Publication 30) which may provide insight into the possible mechanism for reversal of antimalarial drug resistance and provide alternative chemotherapeutic options to reduce mortality and morbidity associated with malaria. The studies also culminated in publication 22 where a simple field applicable technique was developed for assay of Sulphadoxine in whole blood. Clinical applicability of the method was described in publication 23. Through my research efforts I have been opportune to lead an Analytical Training centre funded by MIM/TDR.
Development of novel diagnostic techniques for Plasmodium falciparum infections using the lactate dehydrogenase and histidine rich protein assays forms an important aspect of my scientific work as an alternative to standard microscopy which is cumbersome, requires expertise and is not readily available in the periphery of the health care system. Very recently, we reported the use of saliva as a non-invasive biological specimen for diagnosis of malaria using rapid dipsticks. This discovery provides the opportunity for the potential use of saliva for point of care diagnosis. These efforts have resulted in publications 73, 61 and 16.
My research career has also expanded into the area of molecular pharmacology and molecular epidemiology resulting in the development of molecular markers of resistance to antimalarial drugs in isolates of Plasmodium falciparum from Nigeria. These projects are being funded by WHO/TDR, NIH, IAEA and Exxon Mobil Foundation and have resulted in publications 45, 59,64, 68. A major discovery in these efforts was identification of mutations associated with Atovaquone/proguanil resistance in unexposed Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Africa (publication 53). This indicated presence of parasites with innate resistance to this drug combination that is not available for routine use in Africa. In addition, my research work led to the identification of new molecular markers of parasite resistance to amodiaquine (publication 49). Furthermore, the description of the selection of Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistance gene 1 alleles in asexual stages and gametocytes by artemether-lumefantrine in Nigerian children with uncomplicated falciparum malaria (publication 26) also showed that the PFMDR1 can be a useful marker for resistance of P. falciparum to the Artemisinin based combination. These major discoveries in the field of molecular Pharmacology have led me to embark on major research projects focusing on unraveling the molecular mechanisms of parasites resistance to artemisinin derivatives, since their introduction in Africa for treatment of malaria (Projects described under Research in Progress section of my CV).
Part of my research career has also been to undertake ethnopharmacological studies in my efforts on antimalarial drug development focusing on medicinal plants from south west Nigeria. These studies have received funding from MIM/TDR and WHO/TDR and are reported in publications 60, 65,66,69,70. I have also devoted efforts to establishing an intersectoral network between the College of Medicine and Policy makers in order to translate research findings into evidence based policy. This effort culminated in the formation of an Ibadan Malaria Control Policy Study Group.
My research efforts have being complemented by my participation in various networks which include the MIM/TDR antimalarial drug resistance network, the world antimalarial drug resistance network and the transfection network and through collaborations with international scientists from USA, Europe, South East Asia and South America. I have been involved in capacity building through development of research infrastructure and training of several Masters level students as well as supervision and co-supervision of PhD students both within the University of Ibadan and from other West African Institutions. I recently received a Wellcome Trust multi-institutional grant for research capability strengthening in Africa which would help develop intellectual, regulatory and physical infrastructure required for the production of the high quality interdisciplinary science necessary to address the problems of Infectious diseases of poverty. In addition the grant would provide the unique opportunity to establish a mentoring program within the institution. Presently, I am expanding my research focus into understanding the interactions between HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis (TB) and malaria, since there is evidence there is co-infection between malaria HIV/AIDS and TB.
Ten Publications that best reflect my contribution to scholarship and research
The following ten papers serve as my strength towards my area of research focus highlighted above:
1. Oduola A.M.J., Omitowoju G.O., Gerena L., Kyle D.E., Milhous W.K., Sowunmi A, and Salako L.A. (1993). Reversal of mefloquine resistance with penfluridol in isolates of Plasmodium falciparum from Southwest Nigeria. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene vol. 87 pp 81-83. [U.Khttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19852850?itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum&ordinalpos=6">A simple cost-effective high performance liquid chromatographic assay of sulphadoxine in whole blood spotted on filter paper for field studies. Malaria Journal 8:238.[U.K]
7. Sowunmi A, Gbotosho GO, Happi CT, Folarin OA, Blogun ST. (2009). Population structure of Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte sex ratios in malarious children in an endemic area. Parasitology International. 58(4):438-43. [Japan]
8. Happi CT, Gbotosho GO, Folarin OA, Sowunmi A, Hudson T, O'Neil M, Milhous W, Wirth DF, Oduola AM. (2009). Selection of Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistance gene 1 alleles in asexual stages and gametocytes by artemether-lumefantrine in Nigerian children with uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Antimicrobial Agents Chemotherapy. 53(3):888-95. [U.S.A]
9. G. O. Gbotosho, O. A. Ogundahunsi, C. T. Happi, D. E. Kyle, L. Gerena,, W. K. Milhous, A. Sowunmi, A. M. J. Oduola and l. A. Salako (2006). The effects of á1-acid glycoprotein on the potential clinical reversal of the chloroquine resistance phenomenon. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology. 100 (7) 571-578.[U.K.].
10.Grace O. Gbotosho, Christian Happi, Onikepe Folarin, Ochuko Keyamo, Akintunde Sowunmi, and Ayoade MJ Oduola (2010). Rapid Detection of Lactate Dehydrogenase and Genotyping of Plasmodium falciparum in Saliva of Children with Acute Uncomplicated Malaria. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 83, 496-501 [U.S.A.]
MAJOR CONFERENCES ATTENDED:
1. Nigeria Tropical Disease Research Training Linkage Workshop.
Title: Research Data Analysis, Oct 8th to 22nd 1995.
2. WHO/TDR Nigeria Linkage Program Symposium.
Title: Collaborative Tropical Disease Research Projects, June 1995.
Paper read: A Novel Approach to Surveillance of Drug Resistant Malaria.
3. Meeting on Antimalarial Drug resistance and Capacity Building in Africa,University of Cape Town, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Cape Town,South Africa. 28th-29th May 1998.
Paper read: The Effects of Selected Resistance Reversing Agents on the Partitioning of Chloroquine in Plasma.
4. Malaria Gordon Research Conference, Oxford, United Kingdom 26th to 31st July 1998.
Poster Presented: Potential Implications of a-1-Acid Glycoprotein in Clinical Application of the Reversal Phenomenon.
5. Workshop on Research data Management: Application of microcomputers and information technology in biomedical research. PIMRAT, Ibadan, 6th to 14th September 1999.
Paper read: Application of Microsoft Word.
6. MR4 Workshop on “handling and managing biological materials. Burkina Faso, West Africa, March 2-4 2000.
7. WHO/MIM/TDR Principal Investigators meeting Burkina Faso, West Africa, March 6th to 8th 2000.
8. WHO/TDR workshop on in vitro cultivation of Plasmodium falciparum and drug susceptibility testing, August 2002.
9. Data and Team management workshop Scotland, April, 2002.
10. WHO/MIM/TDR Principal Investigators meeting Zimbabwe, March 6th to 8th 2001.
11. WHO/MIM/TDR Principal Investigators meeting Maputo March 2003.
12. WHO/MIM/TDR Principal Investigators meeting Mali, March 2004.
13. WHO/MIM/TDR Principal Investigators meeting Ethiopia March 2005.
14. WHO/MIM/TDR Pharmacoknetics training workshop, Ibadan, Nigeria May 2005.
15. Malaria Database workshop, Hinxton, Cambridge, October 19th-23rd 2006.
16. World Antimalarial Drug resistance Database meeting, Oxford, January 3rd to 6th 2008.
17. 57th Annual Conference of the American Society of Tropical medicine and Hygiene, New Orleans USA, December 2008.
18. Wellcome Trust Research Capacity Strengthening Grant Implementation Meeting. West Legon Ghana 27th-30 November 2009.
19. Consensus meeting on assessment of antimalarial drug exposure in clinical trials, Thailand, February 22-24. 2010.
Paper read (in absentia): Correlation of drug concentrations between various matrices: when are they interchangable?
SELECTED ABSTRACTS PRESENTED AT CONFERENCES IN THE LAST 5 YEARS.
1. Gbotosho GO, Happi CT, Folarin O, keyamo O, Sijuade A, Sowunmi A, Oduola AMJ (2009). Detection of Plasmodium falciparum in saliva using rapid diagnostic tests and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in patients with acute uncomplicated malaria in southwest Nigeria. Fifty eighth (58th) Annual meeting of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Washington DC, USA.
2. Happi CT, Folarin OA, Gbotosho GO, Sowunmi A, Wirth DF and Oduola AMJ (2009). Association between SNPs in Transporter Genes and In vitro Reduced Susceptibility to Artemisinin Derivatives in patients isolates of Plasmodium falciparum. Fifty eighth (58th) Annual meeting of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Washington DC, USA.
3. Sowunmi A, Nkogho O, Okuboyejo T, Gbotosho GO, Happi CT (2009). Emergence of sex ratios of first appearing and clearance of Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes in children treated with mefloquine or artesunate-mefloquine. Fifty eighth (58th) Annual meeting of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Washington DC, USA.
4. Akinola O, Gbotosho GO, Happi CT, Sowunmi A, Falade M, Uthaipibull C, Kamchonwongpaisan (2009). The use of transgenic Plasmodium falciparum in the evaluation of in vitro antiplasmodiial acyivity of antimalarial drugs and methotrexate. Fifty eighth (58th) Annual meeting of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Washington DC, USA.
5. Sowunmi A, Balogun ST, Gbotosho GO, Happi CT (2008). Effects of Amodiaquine, artesunate and artesunate amodiaquine on Plasmodium falciparum malaria-associated anaemia in children. Fifty seventh (57th) Annual meeting of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Washington DC, USA..
6. Abiodun OO, Gbotosho GO, Hofer S, Ajayeoba E, Happi CT, Witllin S, Brun R, Oduola AMJ (2008). Comparison of syber green I, pico green and [3H]-hypoxanthine incorporation assays for in vitro antimalarial screening of medicinal plants from Nigerian ethnomedicine. Fifty seventh (57th) Annual meeting of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, New Orleans USA..
7. Folarin OA, Happi CT, Gbotosho GO, Sowunmi A, Balogun T, Wirth DF and Oduola AMJ. (2008). Selection of Plasmodium falciparum Multidrug Resistance Gene 1 Allele in Asexual stages and Gametocytes by Artemether-Lumefantrine in Nigerian Children with falciparum Malaria. Fifty seventh (57th) Annual meeting of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. New Orleans USA.
8. Ajayi IO, Falade CO, Olley BO, Yusuf B, Gbotosho GO, Iyiola T, Olaniyan O, Happi CT, Mungunti K and F Pagnoni. (2008). A quantitative study of the feasibility and community perception on the effectiveness of artemether-lumefantrine use in the context of home management of malaria in Southwest Nigeria. Am. J. trop. Med. Hyg. 79 (6): 52.
9. Folarin OA, Happi CT; Gbotosho GO; Anumudu C; Idowu DO; Sowunmi A; Nwugba RI; Olorunsogo O.O, Milhous W; Wirth DF and Oduola AMJ. (2007). Clearance of Amodiaquine-Resistant Plasmodium falciparum in Nigerian Children by Immunoglobulin G Antibodies to the 19-kDa C-terminal region of Merozoite Surface Protein 1 (MSP-119). Fifty-sixth (56th) Annual meeting of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Abstract No. 524.
10.Happi CT, Gbotosho GO, Folarin OA, Sowunmi A, Adedeji AA, Fehintola FA, Bolaji OM, Balogun T, Milhous W, Wirth DF and Oduola AMJ. (2007). Selection of Plasmodium falciparum Multidrug Resistance Gene 1 Alleles by Artemether-Lumefantrine in Nigerian Children with Acute Uncomplicated Malaria. Fifty-sixth 56th Annual meeting of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Abstract No. 270.
11. Gbotosho GO, Sijuade A, Happi CT, Sowunmi A, and Oduola AMJ (2007). Effects of age on pharmacokinetic disposition of sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine in children with acute uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. COST B22 Annual Congress 10-13 June, University of Dundee Scotland, United Kingdom.
12. Abiodun A, Gbotosho GO, Ajaiyeoba E, Akinboye D, Wittlin S and Brun R (2006).In vitro and in vivo evaluation of antimalarial activity of Cassia siamea plant extract. 3rd Cost B22 Annual Congress-Drug discovery and development for parasitic diseases, 1-4 October, Athens Greece.
13. Abiodun O.O., Gbotosho G.O., Happi C.T., Falade M.O. and AMJ Oduola (2007). Enhancement of in vivo antimalarial activity of pyronaridine by promethazine in a mouse model. The Centenary celebration meeting of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 13th -15th September 2007 Queen Elizabeth II Conference Centre, London.
14. Folarin O.A, Happi T.C., Gbotosho, G.O., Sowunmi A., Wirth, D.F and A.M.J. Oduola (2005). In-vivo amodiaquine (AQ) resistance and molecular markers of chloroquine (CQ) resistance in P. falciparum isolates from Southwest Nigeria. Fourth MIM Pan-African Malaria Conference 4th MIM conference. Abstract No. 372C.
15. Happi T.C., Folarin O.A., Gbotosho, G.O., Sowunmi A., Olorunsogo O.O., Wirth, D.F and A.M.J. Oduola. (2005). Linkage disequilibrium between two loci on chromosomes 7 and 5 of Plasmodium falciparum and in-vivo chloroquine resistance in Southwest Nigeria. Fourth MIM Pan-African Malaria Conference 4th MIM conference. Abstract No. 376A.
16. Abiodun OO, Gbotosho GO, Happi CT, Folatin OA, Falde M, Olalubi A, Falade CO, Sowunmi OA and AMJ Oduola. (2005). In vitro evaluation of current susceptibility of patients isolates of Plasmodium falciprum to standard antimalarial drugs. Acta Tropica 95S: S367
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